Basic knowledge about Linux hard disk partitioning

To install L I n u X, you must prepare hard disk space for it. This hard disk space must be used with other operating systems installed on your computer (such as wi n d o w s, o s/2 or another version of L I n u X) the disk space used is separated. This is the hard disk partition we are about to perform.

1. Basic knowledge about Linux hard disk partitioning

A hard disk can be divided into different partitions. Accessing each partition is like accessing different hard disks. Each partition can even
There is a type used to show how the information in this partition is stored. For example, d o s, o s/2, and l I n u x use different hard disk partition types. You can process your l I n u x partition as follows:

1) Can I n u x be installed in one or more types? Quot; Linux native "hard disk partition, usually called" l I n u X Original partition ". A partition of the Linux swap type is also required, which is also called "l I n u x swap partition ".

2) Linux has the minimum partition requirement: A "Linux native" and a "Linux swap" partition. Yent
Note that l I n u x cannot be installed in the partition of d o s/wi n d o W S!

3) Even if you install L I n u X on a dedicated hard disk or a computer without other operating systems, you still need to create a partition for L I n u x. This is relatively simple because you don't have to worry about other partitions of the hard disk.

For website builders, we recommend this method. You may not even want to d o s/wi n d o w s, because it is released on your website (for external access) you can only use the L I n u x system, and the website is always in the "publish" status, you will have almost no chance to run your d o s/wi n d o w s.

4) for general users, another common situation is to install L I n u X on a hard disk that already contains other operating systems. This situation is a bit complicated, because an error can destroy your existing partition, not to mention the data it contains!

L I n u x identifies hard disk partitions by combination of letters and numbers. If you are used to identifying Hard Disk Partitions using a type similar to "C Disk/d disk", it may be mixed up. L The naming Design of I n u x is more flexible and can express more information than other operating systems.

Summarized as follows:

1) the first two letters of the partition name indicate the device type of the partition. You will usually see h d (I d e hard drive), or s d (s c s I hard drive ).

2) The third letter indicates the device Number of the partition. For example:/d e v/h a D (first I d e hard drive) or/d e v/s d B (second s c s I hard drive ).

3) the last number indicates the partition. The first four partitions (primary or extended partitions) are represented by numbers 1 to 4. Logical Partition
Starting from 5. For example,/d e v/h d a 3 is the third primary partition or extended partition on the first I d e hard disk; /d e v/s d B 6 is the second logical partition on the second s c s I hard disk.

When you re-partition your hard disk, you may encounter three situations. Generally, they should be handled in the following ways:

1) there is unpartitioned free space. In this case, the defined partition does not occupy the entire hard disk space, that is, the free space does not belong to any defined partition. Think about it. This is also the case for an unused hard disk. The difference is that all spaces do not belong to any defined partition. At this time, you only need to create the required partitions simply from the space that has never been used.

2) There are unused partitions. You may have split the hard disk into d o s partitions such as C, D, and E, but one partition is not used or has been cleared, you may want to install L I n u x here. In this case, you can use this unused partition. In this case, you must first Delete the partition and then create an appropriate L I n u x partition in the space.

3) There is free space in the existing partition. If you have already partitioned the hard disk and do not have a fully idle partition, you should see the following. This is the most common situation. Unfortunately, this is also the most difficult situation to deal. Although you have enough space, it is a used partition. In addition to adding a hard disk (in this case, you only need to consider your money, the other is easy to do), there are two options:

A. destructive re-partitioning. First, delete a large partition and then create several small partitions. All data in the deleted large partition will be damaged. This means that a full backup is required. For the sake of security, make two sets of backup and use verification (If your backup software has this function). Try to read your backup data before deleting the partition. This is a troublesome job, but it is necessary to protect your previous work. Note that if the partition you delete contains an operating system, you must reinstall the operating system. After creating a small partition, You can reinstall the software, restore the data, and then continue to install L I n u x.

B. Non-destructive re-partitioning. Here, you can run an application that provides this function. This program can reduce the size of a large partition without losing the files in the partition. Many people find that this method is reliable and not troublesome. So what software should you use? There are several types of disk management software products on the market. In my opinion, they are similar in terms of functionality and reliability. For example, partition magic is a well-known partitioning software. Red Hat Linux also provides such software for the I n t e l System: f I p S in the d o s u t I L S directory on the Linux/Intel CD-ROM.