[Basic knowledge] Linux starter Series 5

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　　For Linux beginners [Series 5]

"Doctor, I am in pain. Tell me what to do"

"Don't worry. Let's talk about how you hurt me first"

"Oh, the pain points are different. I have a stomachache. Tell me what to do. I am in a hurry"

"Don't worry. What did you do yesterday? "

"Why is there something to do with yesterday? I did what I did every day yesterday. I think it's normal. Why don't you tell me what to do? Don't say anything ".

"Don't worry, let's think about what was done yesterday different from what we usually do? "

"Different? Many of them are different. I didn't get on a bus at work yesterday and no one called me in the morning. It's weird ...... "

"No. I asked you about meals, sports, and so on"

"Oh, well, I had dumplings last night. It's delicious"

"Oh, how many dumplings have you eaten"

"Well, more than 80, oh, yes, it hurts at night until now"

"Oh, you have eaten"

The above is an article written by teacher BOB in my memory. If you think this is a joke, I will experience such a joke almost every day. A person will first ask "How is my Linux xxx? What should I do?", and then induce the question in the last step until the answer is revealed. You may encounter many problems and you do not know where to find the answer. If you think that the Internet is a master, you think that the master knows your problem as soon as you get there. He will give you a "trick" to solve your problem. So you don't have to say anything. Add a "NO content" content to the title of a sentence. Just wait for the experts to give you a "trick.

Unfortunately, this has never happened.

As mentioned above, Linux has many new concepts compared to windows systems that you may be familiar. It's like calculus is the same for a person who only knows simple algebra. In this case, it is obviously difficult for you to try to obtain the answer using the thinking in your inherent system. For example, the graphic interface X configuration in Linux has always been a question for beginners. You have installed Linux, but the screen is 300X200, 16 colors, you want to know what to do. From the windows experience, you should find a way to find a menu like "display attribute" and then change the resolution color depth, or even scan the frequency. Most of your questions are "My X is only 300X200, where can I change it", and you expect a master to tell you "right-click xxx, then you can modify the screen resolution as in windows. What's wrong here? What's wrong is that X in Linux is not windows, and its display resolution is not adjusted in the graphic interface, but before entering X, more importantly, the prerequisite for changing to a higher resolution is that the driver of the display card must be configured properly. This is related to the release and version of Linux. I don't know all these situations, but the experts have no "tricks" to tell you. Compared with the joke, there are a lot of reasons for a general stomachache. If the patient can know and judge it, what can the doctor do?

So what should you do when you have a problem? First, do not ask questions. The installation and configuration of Linux itself is a learning process. It may be much slower to solve a problem by yourself than someone else tells you. However, solving the problem itself will help you better understand the concept of Linux. At the same time, it may bring out many other problems to solve one problem. I remember that when I first started Linux, I installed Linux and win98 a lot on a broken machine, and finally understood the coexistence of DOS partitions in Linux partitions and many problems with Lilo configuration. Of course, it takes too much time and makes no sense to explore some of the key points, and more communication can also achieve the effect of mutual improvement. I will talk about how to actively find the answer to the question later. Here we assume that you need to ask a problem on BBS that you cannot solve.

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If you encounter a problem, Lilo does not start, and the screen displays 010101 or LI dead, or you do not know why your X screen is only 300X200, or how to configure the NIC, or do not know why the cd/usr/src/linux; make config in the book returns an error message, or compile a test program gcc-o test. c and then run test without any output. You are helpless. Ask "prawns" online to get the answer.

The first point to ask a question is to understand that the two words can be used to explain the problem and solve the problem. What happens to a hero may be very elegant, however, when you ask questions, you can only show ignorance, just like the patient who says "I am in pain. You must describe several questions in detail: what you have, what you have done, what you want to achieve, what problems you have found, and the specific symptom description. For example, if your network is disconnected, You need to first talk about the release, version, installation, network configuration, detailed commands, and network conditions of your Linux system, lan Wan. You may say a lot of nonsense, but you need to understand that you are here to ask questions, and you do not know where the problem is, therefore, you must describe all the problems you can think of to include specific problems. Here, you are not a hero, and you have nothing to do with your own style. Our goal is to solve your problem and improve ourselves by solving the problem, without it.

Second, do not make any judgment on your own. It seems that Linux should also have the same problem of right-clicking a place like windows to get the "display attribute. You have made limits on your questions based on your experience in other systems and limited the possibility of answering questions to a very small scope. This not only limits your own thinking, but also affects your correct description of the problem. The fact is that most of your mistakes are Conceptual errors, and you start to go in the wrong direction. Instead, let alone what you understand, carefully answer those questions (What do you have, what did you do ....) write it clearly to see how others will make judgments.

Third, you are here to raise your question. You think you should be helped. This is not a teacher's question. You are no longer a college student with the power to receive education. The person answering the question is no longer your teacher or TA. They have no responsibility for you. You can communicate with each other and improve each other in one place. If someone answers you, they are definitely helping you. When no one answers your questions, most of them because your descriptions are not detailed enough. If others are not doctors, you do not have to answer questions one by one. Therefore, when your question is not answered, you should first compare it with the previous one and then modify the description of the question. This is also a process of thinking. If this is not the case, let's take a look at the following article.

One of the important roles of Linux, I think, is to cultivate the ability of people to explore on their own. Recall our learning process from elementary school to university. There are too few environments for people to explore on their own. All questions have a standard answer, either from the teacher or from the reference books. Even something that cannot be quantified in the composition has an unfortunate "central idea ". The so-called "self-study" is nothing more than a guess about the standard answer. If you want to create a larger Class Project, it will also be defined in very detail. The teacher can't help but block all the details you can create, so that you can easily comment on it. In this way, people who come out of the environment will often feel at a loss in Linux-indeed, there is no standard answer from the teacher. If you are right, you only know what you are doing.

Therefore, to learn Linux, it is very important to have your own search knowledge and the ability to break through your own limitations. The first step in a problem is not to think about "who has a standard answer" and then ask people, but to think about "how can I solve him". If not, you can find a solution by yourself, consider the reason why this solution cannot be figured out and the direction in which to work on similar problems in the future. Finally, consider whether you can make improvements in this direction. After many such things, people's creativity will be greatly improved. For those who rely on technology to eat, this is the difference between 0.1 million and.

Okay, you have a question. You don't know how to solve it. How do you find the answer and improve yourself? When there is a problem, you should first think about it. You are a newbie. Before you start, there are already several new beginners. You will not be a special newbie. The only difference is that your knowledge is different from others, rather than how special your problem is. For example, if you have a D-LINK 220 NIC that cannot be configured, you are very confused. The actual situation is that many people are already confused. They have asked this question and got the answer. Therefore, your first step should be to understand "This question has been answered by people I have already asked and somewhere ".

So how to find the answer? On the BBS, you can go to the Linux version and think, "Where is the answer ". First, you can search for the title in the previous article. First think about the keyword used as the title if you want to ask this question, and then search for this keyword. Search for input on BBS? Enter the keyword and press Enter. What keywords are used in the search? For example, if you want to find information about the DLINK 530-TX card, what else do you want to ask. There must be a NIC model in the title, but how can someone else write it? It may be 530TX, 530 TX, or 530-TX. So it must all include 530, so you can search for the keyword 530 and read all the searched articles. Basically, there is an answer. Similar issues that can be searched include DE you 220,810 (Intel 810 built-in graphics card driver.

In fact, BBS is only a small place, and the latest and most complete knowledge is on the Internet. Almost all Linux-related programs and common problems will be sorted out on the Internet. Note that, first, Linux is not microsoft, and there are specialized companies to maintain documents. Linux documentation is available everywhere, with different quality, and with the continuous upgrade of Linux, There will be various versions. For example, because IPMASQ is updated quickly with the Linux kernel upgrade version, its help (faq) is also frequently upgraded. Reading the old faq will confuse you. Therefore, if you don't need to see one document, you can follow it blindly. Make sure it is useful. Maybe you have found an old version? I want to know some articles about Linux that I wrote five or six years ago. At that time, CDROM was rare. You want to find out how to install Linux using CDROM, but I found that the above is about how to install with a floppy disk, this is not good. In addition, some documents about Kernel compilation refer to makeconfig, and the options in makeconfig are also old. In fact, make menuconfig in the menu mode is used for Kernel compilation. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the new and old documents. The second point is that you cannot avoid using English. You must force yourself to understand English documents. There are indeed Chinese documents, but the common problems are lack of maintenance, too old.

Please write this website on your back: www.google.com. If you have any problems with Linux in the future, you can search for it. Google is the best search engine I know, especially in terms of Linux knowledge. Almost everything I want to know can be found, from NIC Driver to parallel computer configuration. I hope you will search for it before asking questions. The main search technique is to select the correct keyword. As mentioned above, it is best to enter the Linux 530 driver for the 530-TX driver. Related search skills if I have time to write something separately.

　　

The other part is the News Group, but generally the news server cannot be connected, and there are not many groups. We can search on www.deja.com. This is a very new international news group discussion. If your problem is not found in the latest document, you can search for it here. This is generally not required for beginners.

Of course, do not forget the essence of BBS. There are often some unexpected gains. The problem still needs to be noted is that some Chinese documents, especially long articles, are often very old.