Basic Linux Learning-eighth day

2016-08-08

Content of the lesson:

Tools for working with the text sed

Vim Editor

Introduction to shell Script Programming basics

Sed:sed is a stream editor that processes a single line of content at a time. When processing, the currently processed rows are stored in a temporary buffer, called the pattern space,

The contents of the buffer are then processed with the SED command, and the contents of the buffer are sent to the screen after processing is completed. The original file is not edited by default, only the file copy of the schema space is processed

sed [option] ' Addresscommand ' file ....

-N: Silent mode (automatic printing of non-output mode space content)

-R: Supports extended regular expressions

-I: Original edit

-e: Multi-point editing

' Addresscommand ':

Address

#: First few lines

N,m: Rows N to M

n,$: Nth line to last row

/pattern/: Each row (regular expression) to which the pattern can be matched

Command

D: Delete

P: Print Display

A \text: Append text at the end of the line; Support for multiline append using \ n

I \text: Append text in front of line, also support using \ n to implement multiline append

s///: Find replacement, support use of other separators, [email protected]@@,s###

Replace tag:

G: In-line global substitution

P: Show the rows that were successfully replaced

W/path/to/somefile: Saving a successful replacement row to a file

Vim Editor:

Visual Edit improved

Vim [OPTION] ... FILE ...

+: Position the last line when opening a file

+#: Position in # # line when opening file

+/pattern: Immediately after opening the file, leave the cursor at the beginning of the first line that is matched to the PATTERN

–d file1 file2 ... Compare multiple Files

Vim Editing multiple files

Vim FILE1 FILE2 FILE3

: Next switches to the next file

:p Rev Switch to the previous file

: Last switch to final file

: first to switch to file one

Vim mode:

Command mode: Default mode when opening a file

Edit mode: Enter the text editing mode when entering I,i,a,a,o,o

Extended Command mode (Extended): Mode when input:

Command mode--edit mode:

I: Enter at the beginning of the current cursor

I: Enter at the current cursor position

A: At the end of the line where the cursor is located

A: Enter at the back of the cursor

O: At the beginning of the previous line of the cursor

O: At the beginning of the next line of the cursor

Insert mode----> Command mode

Esc

Command mode----> Extended mode

:

Extended mode----> Command mode

Esc

To close a file:

Extended Command mode

: Q Quit when file is not changed

: Wq Save Exit

: q! Force not save exit

: wq! Force Save exit

Command mode:

ZZ: Save exit

ZQ: Do not save exit

Cursor jumps in command mode:

Jump between characters:

H: Left L: Right J: down K: Upper

#COMMAND: Jumps the number of characters specified by #;

Jump between words:

W: The first word of the next word

E: The ending of the current or next word

B: The first word of the current or previous word

#COMMAND: Specifies the number of words to jump by # at one time

Current page Jump:

H: Top m: Page Middle row L: Bottom of page

Beginning line End Jump:

^: jumps to the first non-whitespace character at the beginning of a line;

0: Jump to the beginning of the line

$: Jump to end of line

Move between rows:

#G, extension mode: #: Jump to line specified by #

G: Last line

1G, GG: First line

Move between sentences:

): Next sentence (: Previous

Move between paragraphs:

}: Next paragraph {: Previous paragraph

Command mode operation

Character editing:

X: Delete the character at the cursor;

#x: Delete the # characters at the beginning of the cursor

XP: Swap the position of the character where the cursor is located and the character after it

~: Convert Case

Delete command:

D: Delete command, can be combined with the cursor jump character, to achieve range deletion;

DD: Delete entire row

#dd: shanchu# Line

d$: Delete to end of line

d^: Delete to non-empty header

D0: Delete to the beginning of the line

Copy command (y, yank):

Y: Copy, behaves similar to D command

YY: Copy entire row

y$

Y0

y^

Paste command (P, paste):

P: If the buffer is an entire row, paste the current cursor below the row, or paste it at the end of the current cursor.

P: If the buffer is an entire row, the current cursor is pasted above the row, otherwise, it is pasted to the front of the current cursor position.

Extended mode: Find

/pattern: Looks at the end of the file from the current cursor location

? PATTERN: Finds the file header from the current cursor location

N: Same direction as command

N: Opposite direction of command

S: Complete the Find and replace operation in extended mode

Format: s/What to look for/replace with content/modifiers

Address delimitation:

#: The specific # line, for example, 2 means line 2nd;

#,#: From the left # indicates the line start, to the right # indicates the end of the line

#,+#: The start of the line from the left #, plus the number of rows on the right # representation

: 2,+3 = 2 to 5 rows

.: When moving forward

$: Last line

., $-1 current line to penultimate line

%: Full text, equivalent to 1,$

Command mode: Undo Changes

U Undo Recent Changes

. Repeat previous action

Browsing with multiple windows

Multiple files:

Vim-o|-o FILE1 FILE2 ...

-O: Horizontal split

-O: Vertical split

Switch between windows: Ctrl+w, Arrow

Single File:

Ctrl+w,s:split, Horizontal split

Ctrl+w,v:vertical, Vertical split

Ctrl+w,q: Canceling adjacent windows

Ctrl+w,o: Cancel All windows

: Wqall exit

Shell Script Basics:

A shell script is a text file that contains some commands or declarations and conforms to a certain format

Format requirements: First line shebang mechanism

#!/bin/bash

Specification for creating shell scripts:

Shell script at the beginning of the best written on the author, date, description and other basic information, on the one hand can be convenient for others to read, on the other hand also convenient to review

#!/bin/bash#author: #Version: 1.0#description:this script Displays some information about your environment

To create a script step:

First step: Use a text editor to create a text file

The first line must include the shell declaration sequence: #!

#!/bin/bash

Add Comment

Comments start with #

Step two: Run the script

Give execute permission to specify the absolute or relative path of the script on the command line

Run the interpreter directly and run the script as a parameter of the interpreter program

#!/bin/bash#created by: #date: 2016-08-09#ver:1.0#des:test scriptecho ' date ' echo ' cal ' [[email protected] ~]# sh  first.sh Tue 9 09:03:38 CST 2016August Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

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Basic Linux Learning-eighth day