Basic Linux Learning

Learn these commands to share: Search data within a text file

grep -n -e pattern1 -e pattern2 file1
-nThe search data shows the line number display
-e pattern1Multiple matching modes can be selected by this parameter, and the multiple relationships are any match.

Sort commands

sort -t ‘:‘ -k 3 -n /etc/passwd
-t ‘:‘ 按照冒号分割每行
-k 3Sort the data in the third column
-nThe sorted column data is converted to a numeric sort, which is sorted by string by default.

Hanging in the ISO file

mount -t iso9660 -o loop xxx.iso mnt
-t iso9660For mount type ISO file
-o loopTo mount a file

viewing file information

stat filenameViewing file statistics
file filenameView File types
cat -b filenameView file contents, text plus line number
lesss filenameExtended more commands, partial view file commands

Batch Kill Process

ps -ef | grep openvpn | grep -v grep| awk ‘{print $2}‘ | xargs sudo kill -9

Viewing host basic information

View operating system-related information uname -a
View Kernel version cat /proc/version
View Release version information cat /etc/issue
View disk usage and mount information df -h
Viewing network configuration informationifconfig

Port is occupied to resolve

To find a port that is occupied:
netstat -tln
netstat -tln | grep 8080

See which program the port belongs to
lsof -i :8080

Kill the process that occupies the port:
kill -9Process ID

Zip compression and decompression

Compress the ZIP package and zip -r yasuo.zip abc.txt dir1 compress the files and directories.
Unzip the ZIP package unzip yasuo.zip

Apt-get Program and System Management

Check for updates: Apt-get update
System Upgrade: Apt-get Upgrade
Removal software: apt-get remove xxx
Automatic removal of old packages: Apt-get Autoremove
Complete removal of packages (including configuration files, etc.): Apt-get purge xxx
Remove Package: Apt-get Clean
Use the combo command: the "&&" symbol allows multiple commands to be executed sequentially.

Boot up

The Debian system starts, edits /etc/rc.local , and adds a start command at the end of the script.
CentOS system boot up, add boot command to /etc/rc.d/rc.local file

The following commands are commonly used:

2. man <command_name>  # 帮助命令

4. ls    # 列出目录内容，`ls -al`

6. pwd    # 在终端中显示当前工作目录的全路径。

8. cd    # 要变更你当前所在的目录。

10. mkdir    # 创建一个新的目录。

12. cp    # 复制文件/重命名文件。

14. mv    # 移动文件。

16. find/locate    # 搜索文件。("find / -name filename")

18. kill    # 快速关闭一个进程。

20. passwd    # 更改密码。 -9 表示强迫进程立即停止

22. md5sum    # 计算和检验MD5信息签名

24. history    # 查询历史记录命令。

26. sudo    # (super user do)命令允许授权用户执行超级用户或者其它用户的命令。

28. touch    # 创建一个新文件，或者将文件的访问和修改时间更新为当前时间。

30. chmod    #修改文件的访问权限。

32. chown    # 改变文件拥有者和所在用户组。

34. chkconfig --list | grep vsftpd    # 显示默认在哪个级别上启动

36. chkconfig vsftpd on    # 添加服务到系统启动项

38. ps -aux | grep fiefox    # 显示所有进程状态     -ef 查看进程信息

40. netstat -tp    # 查看网络连接命令

42. service --status-all    # 查看系统服务状态

46. mount [-t vfstype] [-o options] device dir

48. mount /dev/cdrom /home/sunky/mydisk.iso  # 挂在文件或设备到挂载点

52. tail -100f /data/logs/resource_raw.tornado.log    # 在线查看日志

54. whereis nginx    # 查找应用位置

58. reboot  # 重启命令

60. shutdown -r now  # 立刻重启

62. shutdown -r 10  # 过10分钟自动重启

64. shutdown -c  # 取消重启

66. halt  # 关机命令

68.  

Basic Linux Learning