Basic Linux Learning

Gui:graphic User Interface

Windows

X-windows

Gnome

Kde

Xface

Cli:command Line Interface

Sh

Bash

Csh

Ksh

Zsh

Tcsh

. dll Dynamic Library connection (Windows)

. So shared object (Linux)

Login

User name: User ID

Authentication mechanism: Authentication

Authorization: Authorization

Audit: Audition

prompt, command prompt

#/bin/bash

# Command Options ... arguments.

Options:

Short options

Long options

Parameters:

FHS

Contents: Working diretory, current directory

Ls:

-L: Show full information

File type: the

-: Normal file

D: Catalog file

B: Block device files (blocks)

C: Character device file (character)

L: Symbolic Link files (symblic link file)

P: Command pipe (pipe)

S: Socket file (socket)

File permissions:

Number of hard links to files

The owner of the file

Group of files

File size (size), in bytes

Timestamp (timestamp): Last Modified Time

Access: Access

Modified: Contents of the Modify file

Changes: Change, metadata, meta data

-H: Do unit conversions

-A: Show hidden files starting with.

. Represents the current directory

.. Represents the parent directory

-A: Shows the. and. Hidden files outside of the

-D: Display the directory's own properties

-i:index node, inode

-R: Show files in reverse order

-R: Recursive (recursive) display ls-r/dev/

Cd:change Directory

Home directories, home directories, home directory

CD ~username: Enter the home directory of the specified user

CD-: Switch back and forth between the current directory and the previous directory

Command type:

Built-in commands (shell built-in)

External command: There is an executable file corresponding to the command under a path in the file system

Environment variables: named memory space

Assigning values to variables

Name=jerry

Printenv

path=/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/ X11r6/bin:/root/bin

O (1)

Type: Shows which type the specified command belongs to

Date: Time Management

LINUX:RTC (real Time clock)

Ntp:network Time Protocol

Hardware clock

System clock

Get help with the use of commands

Internal command:

Help COMMAND

External command:

COMMAND--help

Command manual: Manual

Mans COMMAND

Whatis COMMAND

Sub-chapters:

1: User command (/bin,/usr/bin,/usr/local/bin)

2: System call

3: library Call

4: Special files (device files)

5: File Format (configuration file syntax)

6: Game

7: Miscellaneous: Miscellaneous

8: Management Command (/sbin,/usr/sbin,/usr/local/sbin)

<>: Required

[]: Optional

... : multiple times can occur

|: Choose one More

{}: Grouping

Mans:

Name: command names and features brief description

Synopsis: Usage notes, including available options

DESCRIPTION: A detailed description of the command function, including the meaning of each option

Options: Explaining the meaning of each option

Files: The configuration file associated with this command

BUGS:

EXAMPLES: Using the example

See ALSO: Another reference

Flip Screen:

After: SPACE

Front: b

Turn back one line: ENTER

Turn One line forward: K

Find:

/keyword: Backwards

N: Next

N: Previous

? KEYWORD: Forward

N: Next

N: Previous

Online Documentation:

Info COMMAND

Document:/usr/share/doc/

Google

Apache, Hadoop

Practice:

Use date to get the system's current year, month, day, hour, minute, and second separately

Hwclock-w

Hwclock-s

Cal: Calendar

Practice:

1. is echo an internal command or an external command?

2, its role?

3. How to change the line to show "The year is 2013." \ntoday is 26. "

[Email protected] ~]# ECHO-E "The year is 2013. \ntoday is 26. " Line break display

The year is 2013.

Today is 26.

Practice:

1. is print an internal command or an external command?

2, its role?

3. How to change the line to show "The year is 2013." \ntoday is 26. "

Basic Linux Learning