Basics of Linux Basics (iii) file basic operations management and common commands

File Basic Operations

The command "CP" is used to copy files or directories:

$ CP [-R] Source (folder) destination file (folder)

-R recursively copies the entire directory, which is used by the Replication folder

-V display details, cp-rv or cp-r-V when copying files more, you can see progress

The command "MV" is used to move or rename a file or directory:

$ MV [-R] Source file (folder) destination directory

Renaming if a filename is specified when moving

Command "Touch" to create a blank file or update the timestamp of an existing file:

$ Touch File name

Command "rm" to delete a file or folder:

RM Files/Folders

-I interactive Delete, each delete a file will be prompted

-R Recursive Delete all files under folder

-F Force Delete, not prompt (cautious)

Command "mkdir", "rmdir" to create or delete a directory

RmDir can delete an empty directory, but you cannot delete a directory that has files

Time and date

Date command: Displays the current time date

Format Display time: +%y--%m--%d

Set: $ date-s Date string, modification requires Superuser privileges

Hwclock command: Show hardware clock, require SU permission

Cal command: displaying calendars

Uptime command: Show system run time

Output, view

echo command: Send the input string to standard output.

For example, echo "ABC", the screen will output ABC.

You can output strings to other files, such as

$ echo "Hello World" > Input.txt

Cat command: View the contents of the specified file

Head command: View the contents of the first 10 lines of the specified file

Head [-n] Specifies how many lines of content to display

Tail command: View 10 lines at the end of the specified file

tail [-n] Specifies how many lines of content to display

tail [-f] tracks the update of the file. Can be used to track logs

More command: View the contents of the specified file as pages (only page DOWN)

Less command: To view the contents of the specified file (page up and down)

View hardware Information

LSPCI command: View PCI device information

-V View more information

LSUSB command: View USB device Information

-V View more information

Lsmod to view loaded modules

Shutdown, reboot

Shutdown command: Shutdown, reboot, hibernate (timed)

-H shutdown (halt)

-R reboot (restart)

For example:

$ shutdown-h Now shutdown

$ shutdown-h +10 10 minutes after shutdown

$ shutdown-h 23:20 23:20 shutdown

$ shutdown-r Now reboot

Reboot command: Reboot now

Poweroff command: Turn off the machine now

Archive, Compress

Zip command: Creating a Zip Compressed file

$ zip zsd.zip myfile myfile compressed into zsd.zip

Unzip command: Extract Zip compressed file

$ unzip Zsd.zip to extract Zsd.zip

gzip command: Create a GZIP formatted compressed file

Tar command: Create an archive (typically used for backup, can be performed with gzip to create archive compressed files)

An archive is a collection of files and directories that are stored in a file. The archive is not compressed----the space it occupies is the sum of all the files and directories in it. A compressed file is also a collection of files and directories, and the collection is stored in a file, but it is stored so that it consumes less disk space than the sum of all the files and directories in it. The archive file is not a compressed file, but a compressed file can be an archive file.

$ TAR-CVF Out.tar myfile1 myfile2 ..., creating a Out.tar archive file

$ TAR-XVF Out.tar to extract Out.tar

$ tar-xvzf out.tar.gz myfile for gzip compression of myfile archived archive files

The-z parameter compresses the archived archive into gzip format to reduce space. Most of the Linux open source files downloaded on the Web are in this format.

Find

Locate command: Quick Find files

$ locate Keyword

Requires specific database support, the database defaults to one more per day, can be manually established through the UpdateDB command, update the database

Find command: Powerful real-time lookup commands that support multiple condition lookups, but slow

Find Lookup Location Lookup parameter

For example: Note that the lookup string must have double quotes

$ find. -name "*filename*" is in the current directory,-name represents a filename lookup based on the filename of the wildcard character

$ find/-name "*.confg" in the root directory, based on file name lookup, to. confg End of File

$ find/-perm 777 Search root directory, all permissions are 777 files

$ find/-type D finding all catalogs

$ find.   -name "A *"-exec ls-l {} \; In addition to Ls-l, all others are in a fixed format, with all filenames starting with a filename as a parameter to the LS-L command

Find supports a wide variety of lookup conditions, commonly used as follows:

-name

-perm

-user

-group

-ctime

-type

-sizep>

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