Build a Git server under Linux

Environment: Server CentOS6.6 + git (version 1.7.1)
Client Windows10 + git (version 2.8.4.windows.1)

① Installing Git

Linux as a server-side system, Windows as a client system, install Git separately

Server-side:

#yum install-y git

When you're done installing, check out the Git version

[[email protected] ~]# git--versiongit version 1.7.1

Client:

Download Git for Windows, address: https://git-for-windows.github.io/

After installation, you can use Git Bash as the command line client.

When you're done installing, check out the Git version

$ git--versiongit version 2.8.4.windows.1

② server-side create git users to manage GIT services and set passwords for Git users

[[email protected] home]# ID gitid:git: No this user [[email protected] home]# useradd git[[email protected] home]# passwd git

③ server-side Create Git repository

Set/home/data/git/gittest.git to Git repository

Then change the owner of the Git repository to git.

[[email protected] home]# mkdir-p data/git/gittest.git[[email protected] home]# git init--bare data/git/gittest.gitinit  ialized empty Git repository In/home/data/git/gittest.git/[[email protected] home]# CD Data/git/[[email protected] git]# Chown-r Git:git gittest.git/

④ Client Clone Remote repository

Enter the Git Bash command line client, create the project address (set at D:/wamp64/www/gittest_gitbash) and enter:

[Email protected] mingw64/d$ CD Wamp64/wwwd[email protected] mingw64/d/wamp64/www$ mkdir gittest_gitbash[email protected] Mingw64/d/wamp 64/www$ CD Gittest_gitbash[email protected] mingw64/d/wamp64/www/gittest_gitbash$

Then clone the project from the Linux Git server:

$ git clone [email protected]:/home/data/gittest.git

If SSH is not using the default port 22, you will need to use the following command (assuming the SSH port number is 7700):

$ git clone ssh://[email protected]:7700/home/data/gittest.git

　　

When you first connect to a target Git server, you get a hint:

Select Yes:

warning:permanently added ' 192.168.56.101 ' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

At this time C:\Users\ user name \.ssh will be a file known_hosts, and later on this computer to connect to the target Git server again will not prompt the above statement.

You are prompted to enter a password, which can be verified using the SSH public key.

⑤ client creates SSH public and private keys

$ ssh-keygen-t rsa-c "[Email protected]"

At this time C:\Users\ user name \.ssh will be two more files Id_rsa and id_rsa.pub

Id_rsa is the private key

Id_rsa.pub is the public key

⑥ server-side Git opens RSA authentication

Enter the/etc/ssh directory, edit the Sshd_config, and open the comments for the following three configurations:

Rsaauthentication yespubkeyauthentication yesauthorizedkeysfile. Ssh/authorized_keys

Save and restart the SSHD service:

[Email protected] ssh]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd restart

The path that the public key is stored by Authorizedkeysfile is. Ssh/authorized_keys, which is actually $Home/.ssh/authorized_keys, because the user who manages the git service is git, so the paths that actually store the public key are /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys

Create a directory under/home/git/. SSH

[Email protected] git]# Pwd/home/git
[[email protected] git]# mkdir. SSH

. .. . bash_logout. Bash_profile. bashrc. gnome2. Mozilla SSH

Then change the owner of the. ssh folder to git

[[email protected] git]# chown-r git:git. Ssh[[email protected] git]# ll-a total consumption 32drwx------. 5 git  git  4096 August  20:04 drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 August  28 19:32.. -rw-r--r--. 1 git  git    18 October. bash_logout-rw-r--r--. 1 git  git   176 October. Bash_profile-rw-r--r--. 1 git< C8/>git   124 October bashrcdrwxr-xr-x. 2 git  git  4096 November gnome2drwxr-xr-x. 4 git  git
   
    4096 May   8 12:22. mozilladrwxr-xr-x. 2 git  git  4096 August  20:08. SSH
   

⑦ Importing the client public key to the server-side/home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys file

Go back to Git Bash and import the file:

$ SSH [email protected] ' cat >>. Ssh/authorized_keys ' < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Need to enter password for server-side git user

Go back to the server and see if the Authorized_keys file exists under. SSH:

[[Email protected] git]# CD. Ssh[[email protected]. ssh]# ll total dosage 4-rw-rw-r--. 1 git git 398 August  20:08 Authorized_keys

You can see if it is the client-generated public key.

Important:

Modify the permissions for the. SSH directory to 700

Modify the permissions for the. ssh/authorized_keys file to 600

⑧ Client clone remote repository again

$ git clone [email protected]:/home/data/git/gittest.git

To view the client project directory:

The project has been clone.

You can also use the Tortoisegit client to manage projects:

Clone

⑨ disable git user SSH login server

Git users who were previously created on the server do not allow SSH to log on to the server

Edit/etc/passwd

Found it:

Git:x:502:504::/home/git:/bin/bash

Revision changed to

Git:x:502:504::/home/git:/bin/git-shell

At this point, git users can use git through ssh, but they can't login to the system via SSH.

Reference: Build your own git server under CentOS

Build a Git server under Linux