Centos tar compression commands

Linux tar command
[Root @ linux ~] # Cp [-adfilprsu] destination)
[Root @ linux ~] # Cp [options] source1 source2 soure3... directory
Parameters:
-C: create a parameter command for the compressed file );
-X: Unlock the parameter command of a compressed file!
-T: view the files in the tarfile!
Note that c/x/t can only exist under the parameter! Cannot exist at the same time!
Because it is impossible to simultaneously compress and decompress.
-Z: does it have the gzip attribute at the same time? That is, do I need to use gzip for compression?
-J: Does it have bzip2 attributes at the same time? That is, do I need to use bzip2 for compression?
-V: The file is displayed during compression! This is common, but it is not recommended to use it in the background execution process!
-F: use the file name. Please note that the file name should be followed immediately after f! Do not add parameters!
For example, using "tar-zcvfP tfile sfile" is an incorrect method.
"Tar-zcvPf tfile sfile" is correct!
-P: use the original attributes of the original file (the attributes will not be changed based on the user)
-P: absolute paths can be used for compression!
-N: a new date (yyyy/mm/dd) will be packed into the new file!
-- Exclude FILE: do not pack the FILE during compression!
Example:
Example 1: package all the files in the/etc directory into/tmp/etc.tar
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-cvf/tmp/etc.tar/etc <= package only, do not compress!
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-zcvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz/etc <= compressed with gzip
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-jcvf/tmp/etc.tar.bz2/etc <= compressed with bzip2
# Note that the file name after parameter f is obtained by ourselves. We use. tar for identification.
# If the z parameter is added, .tar.gz or. tgz is used to represent the tar file ~ compressed by gzip ~
# If you add the j parameter, use .tar.bz2 as the file name ~
# A warning message is displayed when the preceding command is executed:
# "Tar: Removing leading '/' from member names" is a special setting for absolute paths.
Example 2: Check the files in the above/tmp/etc.tar.gz file?
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-ztvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz
# When we use gzip to compress the files in the tar file,
# Add the z parameter! This is important!

Example 3: Decompress the/tmp/etc.tar.gz file under/usr/local/src.
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/usr/local/src
[Root @ linux src] # tar-zxvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz
# By default, We Can uncompress files anywhere! In this example,
# First, I will transform the working directory to the/usr/local/src directory, and unlock/tmp/etc.tar.gz,
# The unlocked directory will be in/usr/local/src/etc! In addition, if you enter/usr/local/src/etc
# The file attributes in this directory may be different from those in/etc!

Example 4: Under/tmp, I only want to unbind the etc/passwd in/tmp/etc.tar.gz.
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # tar-zxvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz etc/passwd
# I can use tar-ztvf to check the file name in the tarfile. If you only need one file,
# You can issue it in this way! Notice! The root directory in etc.tar.gz/is removed!

Example 5: Back up all the files in/etc/and save their permissions!
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-zxvpf/tmp/etc.tar.gz/etc
# This-p attribute is very important, especially when you want to keep the attributes of the original file!

Example 6: only new files in/home are backed up.
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-N '2014/1/01'-zcvf home.tar.gz/home

Example 7: I want to back up/home,/etc, but not/home/dmtsai
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar -- exclude/home/dmtsai-zcvf myfile.tar.gz/home/*/etc

Example 8: package/etc/and unpack it under/tmp without generating a file!
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # tar-cvf-/etc | tar-xvf-
# This action is a bit like cp-r/etc/tmp ~ It is still useful!
# Note that the output file is changed to-and the input file is changed to-, and there is another file | Yes ~
# This represents standard output, standard input, and pipeline commands respectively!
# This part will be explained again when we mention this command in Bash shell!

Gzip and zcat commands
[Root @ linux ~] # Gzip [-cdt #] File Name
[Root @ linux ~] # Zcat file name .gz
Parameters:
-C: outputs compressed data to the screen and can be processed through data stream redirection;
-D: extract parameters;
-T: it can be used to check the consistency of a compressed file ~ Check whether the file has any errors;
-#: Compression level.-1 is the fastest, but the compression ratio is the worst.-9 is the slowest, but the compression ratio is the best! Default Value:-6 ~
Example:
Example 1: Convert/etc/man. config to/tmp and compress it with gzip
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # cp/etc/man. config.
[Root @ linux tmp] # gzip man. config
# At this time, man. config will become man.config.gz!
Example 2: Read the content of Example 1!
[Root @ linux tmp] # zcat man.config.gz
# The man.config.gz extracted file content is displayed on the screen !!

Example 3: Decompress the file in Example 1
[Root @ linux tmp] # gzip-d man.config.gz

Example 4: compress man. config unlocked in Example 3 with the optimal compression ratio and keep the original file
[Root @ linux tmp] # gzip-9-c man. config> man.config.gz

Bzip2, bzcat command
[Root @ linux ~] # Bzip2 [-cdz] File Name
[Root @ linux ~] # Bzcat file name .bz2
Parameters:
-C: output the data generated during the compression process to the screen!
-D: extracted Parameters
-Z: Compression Parameters
-#: Same as gzip, it is used to calculate the compression ratio.-9 is the best, and-1 is the fastest!
Example:
Example 1: compress/tmp/man. config with bzip2
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzip2-z man. config
# At this time, man. config will become man.config.bz2!
Example 2: Read the content of Example 1!
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzcat man.config.bz2
# The man.config.bz2 extracted file content is displayed on the screen !!

Example 3: Decompress the file in Example 1
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzip2-d man.config.bz2

Example 4: compress man. config unlocked in Example 3 with the optimal compression ratio and keep the original file
[Root @ linux tmp] # bzip2-9-c man. config> man.config.bz2

Compress command
[Root @ linux ~] # Compress [-dcr] file or directory
Parameters:
-D: extract parameters.
-R: It can be compressed together with files in the directory!
-C: output compressed data to standard output (output to the screen)
Example:
Example 1: Convert/etc/man. config to/tmp and compress it
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # cp/etc/man. config.
[Root @ linux tmp] # compress man. config
[Root @ linux tmp] # ls-l
-Rw-r -- 1 root 2605 Jul 27 :43 man. config. Z
Example 2: Unlock the compressed file
[Root @ linux tmp] # compress-d man. config. Z

Example 3: compress man. config into another file for backup
[Root @ linux tmp] # compress-c man. config> man. config. back. Z
[Root @ linux tmp] # ll man. config *
-Rw-r -- 1 root 4506 Jul 27 :43 man. config
-Rw-r -- 1 root 2605 Jul 27 :46 man. config. back. Z
# This-c parameter is interesting! He will output the data from the compression process to the screen, instead of writing the data
# File. Z file. Therefore, we can output data to another file name through data stream redirection.
# Concerning data stream redirection, we will discuss it in detail in bash shell!