Common commands for Linux files and directories

First,Directory structure in Linux

/bin : System command Directory

/dev: System equipment Directory

/home: User's /home/lau

/lib : System library file . So Dynamic library . A Static library

/media : System Multimedia Directory (floppy drive, optical drive)

/MNT : System mount directory (external U- disk) /mnt/usb

/proc : System memory Directory

/sbin : Super admin Root command directory

/tmp: System cache Directory

/var: System temp directory (frequently changing) database file, Web page file, log file

/Boot: System startup directory

/etc: System configuration file directory

/lost+found : Lost and claimed office

/OPT : Third party program directory (QQ,wps)

/root : The home of the Super admin

/usr : System program directory (Apache,php,MySQL)

Second,Common commands

Ifconfig View IP Status

Ping command to test whether the network is unblocked

LS or ll : View current path file letter information

-A: View all information about a file (including hidden files)

Q exit (quit)

PWD : Viewing the current workspace

CD : Switch Directories

CD Space /home/zhangsan

CD Space : skip to top level directory

CD space ~ back to Super admin home

Clear Clear Screen operation

Login : Login

Logout : Logout (Logout)

Shutdown : Shut down the machine

-H: The number of minutes after the shutdown shutdown–h min (if 0 is immediately shutdown)

–r : The number of minutes after the restart Shutdown–r minute (if 0 is immediately restarted)

–k : Warning number of minutes after shutdown shutdown–k min (do not execute shutdown instruction, just a warning message)

-C: Abort shutdown instruction (usually with Ctrl + C abort shutdown command)

Halt : Shut Down (Linux only , but not power off)

Reboot : restart

SU: switching users

II. Document Management

1. file Permissions in Linux system

R (Read) 4 readable

W (write) 2 writable

X () 1 executable

2.creation and deletion of files

1)vi filename : Create file,

2)touch file name: Create file But do not open

3)rm file Name: Delete file or folder

-R : recursive delete

-F : Delete Confirmation

3. Directory Management

1)mkdir directory Name: Create file directory

-P : recursive creation

-M: Specify file permissions when creating a directory

2)rmdir directory Name: Delete file directory

-P : Recursive delete

4. Copying and moving

1) Copy cp [ parameters ] < source file path > < destination file path >

-R : Recursive replication

-P: Preserve the original properties of the file while copying

-V : Show replication Progress

To copy a folder:

To copy a file:

2) Move mv [ parameters ] [ source file or directory ] < destination file or directory >

-V : Show Progress

In addition to moving a file, the MV can also be implemented to rename the file

5. Document Statistics

WC [ parameters ] < file list > : File size statistics

-C : Statistics file byte Count

-L: Total row count of the statistics file

-W: number of words in the statistics file

6. grep Search ( pipeline command )

grep [ parameters ] <' strings '> < source files >

-N: Matching line number

-C: Number of matching rows

-I (ignore): Ignore case

7. display file Contents

1)cat : Display file contents (positive order Display)

2)TAC : Display file contents (reverse order Display)

8. Change file Permissions

chmod : Change file Permissions

-R : Recursive modification

9. Find file Lookup

Find [ directory list ] [ match Parameters ] [ match criteria ] Locate file

-name : Search by file name

gzip compression tool

syntax: gzip [-d#] filename where # is The number of 1-9

"-D": use when extracting

"-#": compression level,1 compression is the worst,9 compression is best,6 is the default

one,bzip2 compression Tools

syntax: bzip2 [-dz] filename

BZIP2 has only two options for you to master.

"-D": unzip

"-Z": compression

when compressing, you can add "-Z" can also not add, can be compressed files,"-D" is the decompression option:

Desktop CD /dev/cdrom directory Mount

Point the CDROM connection to a directory

Common commands for Linux files and directories