Compression (zip), compression zip

Compression (zip), compression zip

By default, these compression tools will delete the source files (except zip files) after compression. By default, only files are compressed, but directories are not compressed (LinkPackage).

Gzip Bzip2 Zip GNU tar

 

• 1. gzip

1. Compression

Gzip is used to compress a common file named ". GZ ". Delete the original file after compression.

$ gzip user.sh

Multiple files can be compressed at a time. Each file is compressed independently.

$ gzip *

 

. Decompress

Decompress the file and delete the original file.

$ gunzip user.sh.gz

In fact, the Command Used for decompression is a script.

#!/bin/shPATH=${GZIP_BINDIR-'/bin'}:$PATHexec gzip -d "$@"

 

1. 3. test the integrity of the compressed file

$ gzip -t hellogzip: hello: unexpected end of file

 

1. 4. View compressed file content

$ zcat hello.gz

 

• 2.bzip2/Xz

2. 1. Compression

The original file is also deleted.

$ bzip2 *

When an asterisk is used, multiple files are compressed, and each file is compressed independently.

 

2. Decompress

$ bunzip2 *$ bzip2 -d *

 

2. 3. Retain the original file

$ bzip2 -k hello

Asterisks are not supported.

 

2. 4. View compressed file content

$ bzcat hello.bz2

 

• 3. zip

For compression, the name of the compressed package is zhangfooyun, and the final name of the compressed package is zhangfoo.zip ". Append members. No specific options are required.
During compression, the system runs in a unix environment and supports regular expression matching :? , *, []. Match a single character, match any number of characters (including null), and match one of them.

3. 1. compress the Directory

Directory can be directly compressed

$ zip mash.zip mash/

 

In this way, the directory can be directly compressed, but if the directory "mash" is full of directory files, the compressed package is empty. Because the directory is compressed ).

Compress all files under the "zip-dir" Directory (including files in subdirectories and subdirectories), decompress the package, and decompress the package with the "zip-dir" directory ". (Options include "-r" and asterisks "*" at the end.)

$ zip -r zip-dir.zip zip-dir/*

 

3. 2. compressed files

Compress all files and directories in the current directory (excluding files in the subdirectories of the current directory ).

$ zip zip-dir *

 

3. specify the location of the compressed package

Specify to another directory.

$ zip /test/zip-dir *

 

3. 4. Delete the original file after compression

Create a compressed file named “all.zip and delete the original file named "all ".

$ cd zip-dir$ mkdir all$ zip -rm all all

 

Append the files in the current directory to the compressed file and delete the original file.

$ zip -rm all *

 

. Set a password for the compressed package

Encrypt the compressed package with the option "-e ".

$ zip -r -e bin.zip bin/*Enter password: Verify password:   adding: bin/zcw_bak4release-3.2.sh (deflated 57%)  adding: bin/zcw_mkdir4bak-2.2.sh (deflated 52%)  adding: bin/zcw_replace4release-2.2.sh (deflated 58%)  adding: bin/zcw_Virtualfile-1.3.sh (deflated 56%)

 

You can specify the encrypted password directly on the command line, and use uppercase "-P ":

# zip -r -e -P hello bin.zip bin/*

 

. Display the number of compressed files

After compression is completed, the number of compressed files is displayed.

$ zip -dc bin.zip bin/*  0/  4 updating: bin/zcw_bak4release-3.2.sh (deflated 57%)  1/  3 updating: bin/zcw_mkdir4bak-2.2.sh (deflated 52%)  2/  2 updating: bin/zcw_replace4release-2.2.sh (deflated 58%)  3/  1 updating: bin/zcw_Virtualfile-1.3.sh (deflated 56%)

 

. Remove the directory after compression

Only compress the files in the specified directory, and does not include any subdirectories.Current Directory (zip-dir). (After decompression, only the directories are invisible to the files)

$ zip -j zip-dir zip-dir/*

 

Instance: Get tomcat logs (The compressed path is long and inconvenient to use.):

[root@right mag]# zip -j catalina.zip /home/work/tomcat4file/logs/catalina.out   adding: catalina.out (deflated 93%)

 

. Change the compression input mode(Compressed files are from pipelines)

$ find /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts -name "ifcfg*" -print | zip ifcfg -@

 

. Append the file to the compressed package

Append an object to a compressed package.

[root@right mag]# zip back 1.txt  adding: 1.txt (stored 0%)[root@right mag]# zip back 2.conf  adding: 2.conf (stored 0%)[root@right mag]# zip back 3.xml 4.html 5.sql  adding: 3.xml (stored 0%)  adding: 4.html (stored 0%)  adding: 5.sql (stored 0%)[root@right mag]# unzip -l backArchive:  back.zip  Length      Date    Time    Name---------  ---------- -----   ----        0  01-11-2014 15:55   1.txt        0  01-11-2014 15:55   2.conf        0  01-11-2014 15:55   3.xml        0  01-11-2014 15:55   4.html        0  01-11-2014 15:55   5.sql---------                     -------        0                     5 files

 

3. 10. compress the specified file

Use the Options "-I" and "-- include" to obtain files in the specified format:

zip -r foo . -i \*.c

Only some logs are compressed, for example:

[root@right mag]# zip -r lz.zip /home -i \*.out  adding: home/work/tomcat4file/logs/catalina.out (deflated 93%)[root@right mag]# unzip -l lz.zip Archive:  lz.zip  Length      Date    Time    Name---------  ---------- -----   ----132020334  01-11-2014 15:09   home/work/tomcat4file/logs/catalina.out---------                     -------132020334                     1 file

 

R & D personnel often ask for files:

[root@iZ28srao5ssZ mag]# zip -rj config.zip /home/work -i "*config.properties"  adding: config.properties (deflated 63%)

 

. Skip the specified file during compression

Specify the Options "-x" and "-- exclude ".
Skip the mobile client program:

# zip -r 160.zip /home/work/release/* -x \*.apk

 

3.12.Deletes a specified file in a compressed file.

Specify the name and delete it with the option "-d.

[root@iZ28srao5ssZ mag]# zip -d config.zip home/work*deleting: home/work/release/caiBao/WEB-INF/classes/config.properties[work@app47 .donatello]$ zip -d 10_zcw_release-3.0.1.zip _re*deleting: _replace4release-3.2.sh

 

3.13.Check files

Option "-T"

 

# zip -T cat-47.zip test of cat-47.zip OK

 

 

 

• Unzip

3. 1. Test the compressed file

Check whether there is any error after compression

$ unzip -t binArchive:  bin.zip    testing: bin/                     OK    testing: bin/zcw_bak4release-3.2.sh   OK    testing: bin/zcw_Virtualfile-1.3.sh   OKNo errors detected in compressed data of bin.zip.$ unzip -tq binNo errors detected in compressed data of bin.zip.

 

. List Files in the compressed package

$ unzip -l zip-dir.zip

　　List file information in a compressed package in detail

$ unzip -v zip-dir.zip

 

3. Decompress all files

Extract all files in zc0000zip

$ unzip zcwArchive:  zcw.zip  inflating: zcw_replace4release-2.3.sh    inflating: zcw_Virtualfile-1.3.sh

 

Remove the directory structure during decompression.

$ unzip -j bin

 

Decompress a specified file

$ unzip bin \*zcw_V*.shArchive:  bin.zip  inflating: bin/zcw_Virtualfile-1.3.sh

 

• FAQ: Location after decompression

$ zip base.repo.zip /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo$ unzip -l base.repo.zipArchive:  base.repo.zip  Length      Date    Time    Name---------  ---------- -----   ----     1926  12-28-2014 14:22   etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo---------                     -------     1926                     1 file

 

That is:

$ cd /data/Test$ unzip /root/base.repo.zip$ ls -R etc/

$ ls /data/Test/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo/data/Test/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

 

3. 4. Specify the extract directory

By default, all files and subdirectories are extracted to the current directory. You can use the "-d" option to specify the directory.

# unzip caiBao.zip -d /home/work/payment_front_pro/release/

 

• 4. GNU tar

 

Main Operation Mode

-Cf archive Packaging

-Tf: view the archive package (the effect is similar to the display style of "ls", but is not separated by blank space, but by line feed)

-Tvf: view the archive package (the effect is similar to the "ls-l" display style)

-Xf archive unpacking

 

General options

-C: Specifies the extract directory.

-V: List processed files in detail

$ tar -cf demo.tar demo/$ tar -tf demo.tar…… $ tar -xf nari.tar

 

4. 1. Compression

$ tar -zcvf 2022.tar.gz 2022

Compression with time information

$ tar -zcf etc_$(date +%F).tar.gz /etc$ tar -jcf root_$(date +%Y.%m.%d-%H%M%S).tar.bz2 /root$ tar -jcf root_$(date +%y.%m.%d-%H%M%S).tar.bz2 /root

 

4. Extract

$ tar -zxvf 2022.tar.gz$ tar -zxvf 2022.tgz$ tar -jxvf 2022.tar.bz2$ tar -Jxvf 2022.tar.Z$ tar -xf 2022.tar.gz

 

By default, it is restored to the original package path. You can use the option "-C" to specify the decompressed directory.

$ tar -zxf /opt/etc.tar.gz$ tar -zxf /opt/etc.tar.gz -C /root

 

4. 3. view the file structure of the compressed package

View the compressed file list

$ tar -tf etc.tar.gz

View the compressed file list in detail

$ tar -tvf etc.tar.gz

 

 

4. skip some files during packaging

Options "-X" and "-- exclude"

$ tar --exclude=/data/tomcat_cb/logs/* -zcvf  tom.tgz /data/tomcat_cb/