Dahne-linux Foundation-day01

Linux:

The earliest operating system Unix was born on January 1, 1970.

The role of the kernel: managing CPUs and memory, driving basic hardware, file systems

Composition of Linux: Kernel + peripheral Software (application)

Linux distributions: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5/6/7

Suse Linux Enterprise

Debian Linux 7.8

Ubuntu Linux 14.10/15.04

MBR partition mode:

Traditional MBR Partitioning mode
–1~4 a primary partition
–0~3 Primary partition + one extended partition (n logical partitions)

Precautions
–MBR partition table can only record 4 primary partitions, number range 1-4
– When it is necessary to use more than 4 partitions, you need to set up an extended partition (
Primary partition number), the extended partition can have up to 1
– Extended partition as a container of intermediate properties, from which it is again divided
The partition space is a logical partition

File System (Decoration)
Data in space, stored rules, arranged in a way

Typical file system types:

EXT4, fourth-generation extended file system, RHEL6 series default File system

XFS, advanced log file system, RHEL7 series default

Swap swap space (virtual memory)

Directory structure:

/root directory (computer equivalent to Windows System): The starting point of the Linux system

/dev Device files

How disks are represented:

HD indicates IDE device

SD indicates SCSI device

/DEV/SDA5 represents the first logical partition of the first SCCI device

Access point: When accessing a device resource, there must be an access point, and the access point of the Linux system is a directory

Basic commands and use:

Linux complete command format:

Command Word option parameter

pwd-View your current location

[[Email protected] Desktop]# pwd
/root/Desktop represents the desktop that is now under the root directory

cd-Switch Working directory

Format: CD destination folder location

[[Email protected] Desktop]# CD/
[[email protected]/]# switch to the root directory

Ls-list

Format: LS option directory or file name

Ls-l display in long format (displays directory details)

[email protected]/]# Ls/root
Anaconda-ks.cfg Public Video Document music
initial-setup-ks.cfg template Picture Download desktop
[email protected]/]# ls-l/root
Total Dosage 8
-RW-------. 1 root root 1771 October 15:01 anaconda-ks.cfg
-RW-------. 1 root root 1864 October 15:13 initial-setup-ks.cfg
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Public
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 templates
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Video
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 's photos
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Document
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Download
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Music
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Desktop

Ls-a to include hidden files that begin with.

Ls-d shows the properties of the directory itself (not the properties of the contents of the directory)

Ls-h provides easy-to-read capacity units (KB m, etc.)

Ls-ld shows the detailed properties of the directory itself

[Email protected]/]# Ls-ld/root
Dr-xr-x---. Root root 4096 October 19:22/root

LS-LH shows the detailed properties of the content under the directory and provides an easy-to-read unit

[Email protected]/]# Ls-lh/root
Total dosage 8.0K
-RW-------. 1 root root 1.8K October 15:01 anaconda-ks.cfg
-RW-------. 1 root root 1.9K October 15:13 initial-setup-ks.cfg
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Public
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 templates
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Video
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 's photos
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Document
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Download
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Music
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 October 24 15:13 Desktop

Dahne-linux Foundation-day01