1. debian7 (wheezy) is installed on the hard disk. first, in the Windows 7/win8 environment, the OS has only four primary partitions by default, and three primary partitions are C, D, and E, all the others should be in the extended partition. my machine is relatively old and the hard disk is small, so the C disk is 40 GB, and the D disk is 32 GB. the format is NTFS. 4G Elastic Block Storage (edisk) is used to store the installation image in the format of FAT32. Next
1. Debian7 (wheezy) for hard disk installation)
First, in Windows 7/win8, the OS has only four primary partitions by default and three C, D, and E disks. The other partitions should be extended, my machine is relatively old and small, so the C disk is 40 GB, the D disk is 32 GB, and the format is NTFS. 4G Elastic Block Storage (edisk) is used to store the installation image in the format of FAT32. Next, in the extended partition, the resolution is 100 M, 30G, 40G, and 3G, respectively used for mounting on/boot,/,/home, and swap. do not delete the E disk after installation, just hide it. Partition (1.
Figure (1)
Second, store the wheezy image on the E disk. you can choose one of the following two links from the image file on the DVD.
32-bit: http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.0.0/i386/iso-dvd/debian-7.0.0-i386-DVD-1.iso
64-bit: http://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/7.0.0/amd64/iso-dvd/debian-7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
In addition, you can download vmlinuzand initrd.gz files. these files cannot be extracted from the image, but must be selected on the official website.
32-bit: http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/dists/Debian7.1/main/installer-i386/current/images/hd-media/
64-bit: http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/dists/Debian7.1/main/installer-amd64/c/current/images/hd-media/
The preceding three files are stored in the root directory of the same partition. the partition must be in the fat32 format. Then download the free Elastic Compute Service (easybcd) at http://neosmart.net/easybcd/registration. after installation, follow the instructions below to add new Entry-> NeoGrub-> Install-> Configure-> enter the following characters:
# NeoSmart NeoGrub Bootloader Configuration File
#
# This is the NeoGrub configuration file, and shoshould be located at C: \ NST \ menu. lst
# Please see the EasyBCD Documentation for information on how to create/modify entries:
# Http://neosmart.net/wiki/display/EBCD/
Title install debian7 -- wheezy!
Root (hd0, 2)
Kernel/vmlinuz root = casper iso-scan/filename =/debian-7.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso
Initrd/initrd.gz
Boot
After entering the information, save and restart your computer. If the installation is successful, you can enter the installation interface. The debian installation interface is friendly. just fill in the interface. Note: here (hd0, 2) corresponds to an edisk, and different partitions correspond to different ones. the numbers starting from drive C are (hd0, 0) and (hd0, 1) respectively), (hd0, 2), (hd0, 3), (hd0, 5), considering that the logical partition is the fourth primary partition, therefore, the F disk after C, D, and E corresponds to (hd0, 5). Here we assume that the F disk is the first partition of the extended partition.
2. basic configuration of Wheezy
I like it very much. I hope the font of the system is English, but it can also display Chinese characters. at the same time, I want to edit online texts. The following are the most basic configurations.
(1) network configuration
During Debian boot, ifup-a is automatically called to start the network. The/etc/network/interfaces file is used to describe all network interfaces, generally, the local interface (loop), Ethernet interface (eth0), and wireless network interface (wlan0) are declared. each network interface starts with an iface with no leading space.
In the following static network configuration, the gateway is 222.25.133.133, the IP address of the machine in the Lan is 222.25.133.119, and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. DHCP configuration is relatively simple, which is not described here.
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# And how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces (5 ).
# The loopback network interface
Auto lo
Iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
# This is an autoconfigured IPv6 interface
# Allow-hotplug eth0
# Iface eth0 inet6 auto
# Static IP Address
Auto eth0
Iface eth0 inet static
Address 222.25.135.119
Netmask 255.255.255.0
Gateway 222.25.135.20.
Dns-search somedomain.org
Dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 202.117.112.3
In the code, auto indicates that auto is automatically activated during startup. if you do not want to activate auto, you can disable auto. for any host with TCP/IP network support, an IP address is used as the local address, that is, 127.0.0.1. the existence of this interface facilitates the operation of many programs and is indispensable. When you use DHCP network interfaces for configuration, you can often obtain available domain name resolution (DNS) servers from the DHCP server for domain name resolution. for hosts that do not enjoy the DHCP service, if you want to resolve the domain name, you need to use/etc/resolv. conf to specify the domain name server.
Nameserver 202.117.112.3
Nameserver 8.8.8.8
Ifconfig and tp ifconfig are commonly used to view network configurations. ifconfig is used to view the network interface status. you can also change the NIC status through ifconfigeth0 192.168.10.1.
APT is a tool for debian package management. First, you should configure the source/etc/apt/sources. list of apt or aptitude, as shown below:
# Deb cdrom: [Debian GNU/Linux 7.0.0 _ Wheezy _-Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20130504-]/wheezy contrib main
# Deb http://security.debian.org/wheezy/updates main contrib
# Deb-src http://security.debian.org/wheezy/updates main contrib
# Wheezy-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
# A network mirror was not selected during install. The following entries
# Are provided as examples, but you shoshould amend them as appropriate
# For your mirror of choice.
# Deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib
# Deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib
#163
Deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main contrib non-free
Deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main contrib non-free
Deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian maid main non-free contrib
Deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main contrib non-free
# China
# Deb http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free
# Deb-src http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free
# Debian security updates
Deb http://security.debian.org/wheezy/updates main contrib non-free
Deb-src http://security.debian.org/squeeze/updates main contrib non-free
# Multimedia
Deb http://deb-multimedia.org wheezy main non-free
# Virtualbox
Deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian maid
Then apt-get update and apt-getupgrade can install and uninstall the software tools through APT after the installed packages are upgraded.
(2) language and input method
My system is installed in the Chinese environment, there is a Chinese text package, the system can be changed to English/etc/default/locale to LANG = en_US.UTF-8LANGUAGE = "en_US: then restart Gnome and select update. $ Dpkg-reconfigurelocales you can select the basic environment language of the system, and $ locale-a can observe the modification results. However, this causes a problem, that is, the opening of the text on the Console and gedit is garbled. you can enter the command gsettings setorg. gnome. gedit. preferences. encodings auto-detected "['gb18030', 'utf-8', 'gb2312', 'gbk', 'big5', 'current', 'utf-16']"
You can also run $ dconf-editor to expand/org/gnome/gedit/preference/encodings, and add GB18030 and GB2312 to the current in auto-detected. You can add the pinyin input method in the following ways. I personally recommend ibus for ease of use!
$ Apt-get install ibus-cluster ibus-gtk ibus-gtk3 ibus-qt4
$ Apt-get install ibus-pinyin
To enable automatic ibus startup at startup, you can add
Export GTK_IM_MODULE = ibus
Export XMODIFIERS = @ im = ibus
Export QT_IM_MODULE = ibus
Then, set the following personal preference in preference. install the character bag, audio and video, compression tool, and document tool as follows:
# Apt-get install ttf-arphic-gbsn00lp
# Apt-get install ttf-arphic-gkai00mp
# Apt-get install ttf-wqy-zenhei (installation font)
# Apt-get install ibus-gtk ibus-pinyin (installation input method)
# Apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese wqy *
# Apt-get install chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n
# Apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
# Apt-get install ca-certificates libcurl3-gnutls
# Apt-get install mplayer smplayer
# Apt-get install unrar
# Apt-get install unzip
# Apt-get install p7zip-full
# Apt-get install chmsee
