In the previous HTML, the positions of elements can only be arranged in sequence. In CSS, you can locate elements more accurately. Netscape once proposed layer tag, which is good for precise layout, but not recognized by W3C. W3C proposed a function similar to layer tag in CSS. Position attribute: The position attribute is used to determine the position type of an element. For details, refer to the attribute: Attribute name: 'position' Attribute Value: absolute | relative | static Initial Value: static Target objects: All elements Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden The attribute values are: Absolute: the absolute position on the screen. Relative: Relative Position on the screen. Static: inherent position. Direction attributes: The direction attribute determines the arrangement direction of the box. For details, refer to the attributes: Property name: 'direction' Attribute Value: LTR | RTL Initial Value: LTR Target objects: All elements Inherit?: Yes Percentage remarks: forbidden Float and clear attributes: You can select a float location for an image in HTML. Currently, you can select a float location for a box object through CSS. Change the float attribute of the box. The box will float the left or right of other elements: Property name: 'float' Attribute Value: Left | right | none Initial Value: None Target objects: All elements Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden For example:
<Style type = "text/CSS"> IMG {float: Left} Body, P, IMG {margin: 2em} </Style> <Body> <P>
Some sample text that has no other... </Body>
On the contrary, the clear attribute is used to prevent elements from floating on the left or right of the box: Property name: 'clear' Attribute Value: Left | right | both | none Initial Value: None Target objects: All elements Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden Absolute position attribute: The absolute position attribute has four attributes:Top, right, bottom, and left, The property value is the length unit or percentage: Attribute name: 'top', 'right', 'bottom ', and 'left' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> | auto Initial Value: None Target objects: All elements Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden With the preceding attributes, You can precisely define the position of an element, for example:
<P style = "position: relative; margin-Right: 10px; left: 10px;"> I used two red hyphens to serve as a change bar. They Will "float" to the left of the line containing this <Span style = "position: absolute; top: auto; left: 0px; color: red;"> -- </span> Word. </P>
Z-index attributes: In CSS, the overlapping display of elements is allowed, so there is a problem of display order, the Z-index attribute describes the front and back of the element, if the computer screen as a X-Y plane, then, the Z axis is perpendicular to the screen, and the Z-Index uses an integer to indicate the front and back positions of the element. A larger value will display the front position, CSS agrees to use a negative number in Z-index. Property name: 'z-Index' Attribute Value: auto | <integer> Initial Value: Auto Applicable objects: Elements Using the position attribute Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden Width property: Specify the width attribute of the box so that the width of the box does not depend on the content it contains: Property name: 'width' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> | auto Initial Value: Auto Target objects: block elements Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: Based on the width of the parent Element The Min-width and max-width attributes are also provided in CSS, so that the width of the box is between the minimum width and the maximum width. Property name: 'min-width' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> Initial Value: 0 Target Audience: All Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: Based on the width of the parent Element Property name: 'max-width' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> Initial Value: 100% Target Audience: All Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: Based on the width of the parent Element Height attribute: The same box also has the height attribute to control its own height: Property name: 'height' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> | auto Initial Value: Auto Target objects: block elements Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: Based on the height of the parent Element The Min-height and max-height attributes are also provided in CSS, so that the height of the box is between the Min-height and max-height. Property name: 'min-height' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> Initial Value: 0 Target Audience: All Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: Based on the height of the parent Element Property name: 'max-height' Attribute Value: <length >|< percentage> Initial Value: 100% Target Audience: All Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: Based on the height of the parent Element Overflow attributes: When specifying the width and height of an element, the overflow attribute is required if the area of the element is insufficient to display all content: Attribute name: 'overflow' Attribute Value: visible | hidden | scroll | auto Initial Value: visible Applicable object: Position attribute of an element Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden The attribute values are as follows: Visible: Expand the area to show all content. Hidden: Hide content out of range. Scroll: A scroll bar is displayed on the right of the element. Auto: When the content exceeds the element area, the scroll bar is displayed. Clip attributes: CSS also provides a clip attribute to cut the element area into various shapes, but currently only provides one square type: Property name: 'clip' Attribute Value: <shape> | auto Initial Value: Auto Applicable element: the position attribute of an element is set to absolute. Inherit?: No Percentage remarks: forbidden <Shape> the value is rect (top right bottom left ). Line-height and vertical-align attributes: The line-height attribute specifies the row spacing inside the element. The unit of length or percentage is used: Property name: 'line-height' Attribute Value: normal | <number >|< length >|< percentage> Initial Value: normal Target objects: All elements Inherit?: Yes Percentage remarks: Based on the font size of the element In the following example, although the expressions are different, the results are the same:
Div {Line-Height: 1.2; font-size: 10pt} Div {Line-Height: 1.2em; font-size: 10pt} Div {Line-Height: 120%; font-size: 10pt}
The vertical-align attribute determines the vertical display of elements: Property name: 'vertical-align' Attribute Value: Baseline | sub | super | top | text-top | Middle | bottom | text-bottom | <percentage >|< length> Initial Value: Baseline Intended audience: inline Elements Suitable for inheritance: No Percentage remarks: Depends on the line-height attribute of the element. The attribute values are as follows: Baseline: Align with the baseline of the element. Middle: Align with the middle of the element. Sub: Sinking. Super: Word increase. Text-top: Align the top of the text. Text-bottom: Align the bottom of the text. Top: Alignment of the highest element in the current row. Bottom: The lowest element alignment of the position of the line. Visibility attributes: This attribute is used to control the display or hide of elements: Property name: 'visibility' Property Value: Inherit | visible | hidden Initial Value: Inherit Target objects: All elements Inherit: If the value is inherit, It inherits the attributes of the parent element. Percentage remarks: forbidden |