directory structure and file types for Linux

directory structure of Linux

In Linux, everything is file.

The root directory/is the most central directory in Linux, and all directories and files are under it, starting with a tree structure.

/Below are some important directories:

/boot: Store files related to system startup

/root:root User's home directory

Home directory for normal users, where each user has a home directory under their own name

/bin: Made a soft link to/usr/bin, storing the user executable file (command)

/sbin: Made a soft link to/usr/sbin, which holds the root user's executable (command)

/dev: Store device files (hardware also in the form of files)

/etc: Store configuration file

/lib,/lib64: A library file that stores the system (like a. dll file in Windows), and many commands depend on the library file

/media: Media mount directory. Default is empty

/MNT: Mount point. Default is empty

/OPT: The directory that is set up to install additional software. Default is empty

/proc: The directory in which the system process resides, is a virtual directory, and is a mapping of system memory. You can access it to get system information and process information

/run: The PID file that holds the process (same directory as/var/run)

/srv: Files that are generated when some services are started

/sys: Store files associated with the system kernel and hardware drivers

/tmp: Storage of temporary files (interval time will be automatically deleted)

/usr: Stores some files for the user. This directory is very important, will be used many times later, later installation of some services are installed into the/usr/local inside. The/usr directory includes/usr/bin,/usr/sbin,/usr/lib,/usr/lib64, and these four directories are the same as those in the previous four directories. /usr/local/also have these four directories, all of them are the same.

/var: Dynamic directory, storing periodic changes to system files, such as logs

Absolute path to the LDD command: View which library files the command depends on.

Starting with the CENTOS7 system, there are 64-bit operating systems and no 32-bit.

Tree: Lists all the contents of a directory in a hierarchical way.

If the prompt does not have this command, you need to install: Yum-y Install tree.

TREE-L Digital Catalog: Lists everything underneath this directory, with a maximum of only a few levels of directories.

Man command: View the help document for a command. (more details) (Press the Space page down, press ENTER to scroll down (in the Behavior unit), press Q to exit)

Command--help: View the help document for a command.

File types in Linux

Use Ls-l to list the details of all directories or files under the current directory. The first field represents a file type.

D: Catalog file

-: Normal file. Includes plain text files (you can view content using commands such as cat) and binary files (can only be executed to view content)

L: Soft Link file

C: Character device files, including terminal equipment and serial devices (mouse, keyboard, etc.)

B: Block file (disk drive, optical drive, etc.)

P: Pipeline file for communication between processes (limited to native processes)

S:socket (socket) file for communication between processes and processes (for process communication on different computers)

directory structure and file types for Linux