Experience of installing Win10 and CentOS 7 on a White House, win10centos

Experience of installing Win10 and CentOS 7 on a White House, win10centos

Recently, I tried to learn Linux, so I bought a book from laruence according to my suggestions on the Internet. For later learning convenience, prepare to install CentOS7. After preparing the image file and USB flash drive, I started the construction at on the 4th. I thought it would take a few hours to complete the work. For the first time, I realized what is the gap between ideal and reality. In view of the complexity of CentOS7 installation and the popularity of laruence, I decided to write down the entire process of my installation, hoping to help those who want to learn. In this tutorial, I wrote out the problems I encountered, because I learned a lot from the process of solving these problems. If you are a little white, I hope you can take a look.

In addition, thank you for your criticism ~

　　

　　I declare in advance that there is no option to start up items during CentOS 7 installation. That is to say, after CentOS is installed, we cannot open win10. So before this problem occurs, we have to think about solutions, therefore, we recommend that you first go to Step 5 and click here

 

 

Tools and materials

1. A networked computer, or download the software first

2. Two USB flash drives, preferably 8 GB or above

3. required file: CentOS7 image file (ISO file)

4. Required Software: UltraISO, old Mao Tao, EasyBCD

 

 

Step 1. Split disk space for Linux in Windows

---------------------------- Hackers with two hard disks manually skip -------------------------------

 

Right-click "this computer"-"manage"

　　

　　

　　

 

Don't worry, it won't break the computer.

Step 2: Create a USB flash drive

It took nearly two hours to complete this step. In fact, it was not difficult, but the tutorial I was reading was an early stage, so I had taken a lot of detours. When we use UltraISO, that is, Apsara stack, We must download the latest version online. It doesn't matter even if we try it out, because we just need to use it. The following is the production process.

1. Open the ISO file

Click "file"-"open" and select the place where you saved the ISO file.

　　

2. Write Data to the USB flash drive

　　

　　When writing data, the software will format the USB flash disk. Therefore, you must back up important data in the USB flash disk before writing data.

Although it will be automatically formatted, We Can format it ourselves just in case.

　　

Then confirm all the steps ~~~

After formatting, write the data. Note the parameter selection.

　　

　　

　　

At this point, the first step is completed, and the entire process is divided into five or six types. It took me two hours to delete several files before writing, and then copy the original ISO file after writing.

Then the problem arises. After the USB flash drive is ready, its type is FAT32. That is to say, files larger than 4 GB cannot be copied, and my ISO file is exactly 4.01 GB, so the following occurs during the copy process:

　　

At that time, I was speechless. My USB flash drive was 32 GB. How could I not store 4 GB of Data? So I wondered if I had bought a fake USB flash drive ...... but I thought about it. I also used this USB flash drive to transfer the GB PS tutorial a few days ago. How could it be false? The result is as follows: in FAT32 format, a single file cannot exceed 4 GB.

What should we do? At that time, I was very witty (and proved stupid later) to reformat the USB flash disk and format it into the NTFS format, so there is no limit on the file, repeat the above steps ...... however, it is useless. Or cannot be copied. How is it possible? I changed the format, but after opening it, I found it changed to FAT32 again, so I continued BD. I found that almost all the recording software formatted the USB flash disk as FAT32. Therefore, I used another software to change the written USB flash disk to NTFS, and then copied the ISO file. The result is that the boot disk cannot be identified by the computer at startup ...... however, it took more than two hours to continue after the system was started. In the corner of an article, it was found that the current ISO file does not need to be copied when it is burned, with the attitude of using dead horses as active horse doctors, repeat the above burning steps and then restart the computer. The results are successfully identified.

So here I would like to remind you that:When reading the tutorial, be sure to pay attention to the release time of the tutorial.. If it was a long time ago, you should be careful, because the changes may be very large.

Step 3: boot with a USB flash drive

　　(Because the USB flash disk cannot be installed, the following process is performed on the VM .)

1. After restarting the computer, press F12 To Go To The boot interface and select USB boot.

　　

Access Screen

　　

　Note that you cannot directly select "Install CentOS 7" or "Test this media &Istall CentOS 7"I spent nearly three hours here and ran into tears .......

Because we use a USB flash drive for installation, We need to specify the USB flash drive location. Therefore, press the Tab key, and the countdown at the bottom of the screen changes to the following string (some packages may not respond when pressing the Tab, it may be because you chose the "Troubleshoot ing" item, just move the selected cursor up)

　　

Change it to the bottom, and press Enter.

　　

You can see this interface

　　

In this way, we get the location of the USB flash drive,Remember the location of your USB flash drive, Then we restart the computer (of course, we can only use the power key to force the shutdown), press F12 to enter the boot, select the U disk to start, press the Tab key (repeat the above steps), and then change the string to the following, press Enter:

　　

So there are a lot of strings and OK, don't bother, just wait, the previous figure for reference:

　　

In this step, the problem is not serious, !!! I have read a lot of tutorials, and there are various methods in it, but I did not try it, so that when I successfully went into the installation interface, it was already two o'clock in the morning.

The following are three solutions for the most common (pitfalls) on the Internet:

1,

　　

Why did it rank first? I don't want to explain why, in the red box, I 've been tossing for more than an hour. I even suspected that my USB flash drive was wrong. I went back and did it several times.

2. "Go directly, and then the system will report an error. Here we enter cd/dev/ls *. We can see the location of the USB flash disk and restart the computer"

This tutorial has told us that direct installation is incorrect. to specify the USB flash drive location, I tried it several times carefully according to this tutorial, but it was fruitless. Later I noticed the difference between 1 s and ls, that is, whether the first one is a letter or a number. I continued to try again, but it was fruitless. Finally I thought there was no space between ls and *. After adding a space, the following page is displayed successfully.

　　

Not understand

3. Set vmlinuz initrd = initrd. img inst. stage2 = hd: LABEL = CentOS \ x207 \ x20x86_64 rd. live. check quiet

Change vmlinuz initrd = initrd. img inst. stage2 = hd:/dev/sdb1 quiet

Here, sdb1 is the partition where the U disk is located, or it may be sdb2, which can be modified according to the actual situation.

Although this method is correct, I still can't help but want to say: You tell me how to use this method based on the actual situation. I don't have any judgment conditions at all, I can only try from 1 to 4

Among the three methods I extracted above, I tried the third method four times before it was successful. After seeing the graphic interface, I almost cried.

 

Step 4: Install

Soon after, I arrived at this interface, and finally it was not a cold command line. I was a little excited ~ O (partition _ partition) O

　　

　　

　　Be sure to select a desktop.At that time, I sadly forgot to select the option. After the result is entered, it will be a command line. If it is turned off, it will not be ...... helpless. Force the shutdown and reinstall it.

　　

Then there is a partition. Note that we must selectThe idle disk in the first step. Otherwise, the original information in the disk will be overwritten. Remember to remember. "Hard Disk price, data priceless".

Partition Plan

/: 30 GB

Swap: 8 GB

/Home: 11.7 GB

/Boot: 300 M

　　

　　

The same method is used to create swap,/boot, And/home partitions. Note the size of swap. In general, it should be twice the actual memory, but if the actual memory is large, 8 GB is enough.

After partitioning, we found that the size is not set, so we reset the size on the right side, but the disk cannot be completely split, so the swap will be a little smaller (remember to set the unit of swap and boot to MB)

　　

As for the Type of this partition, that is, Device Type, the default value is "/", that is, "swap", "/home" is the LVM Type, and "/boot" is the standard partition.

After dividing the area, click "finish". In the displayed window, click "accept change"

　　

Now, all settings are complete and installation starts.

　　

　　

Note that a password is also set for the account, which is different from the root password, so remember the two passwords clearly (I set them to the same in the late stage of laziness), and if your password is too simple to be set, you can exit after two attempts.

　　

After restarting, use the account and password you just set to log on.

This step also took a long time, mainly for two reasons:

I. I don't know whether to choose LVM or standard partition when partitioning. I 've been struggling for a long time. As mentioned above, the default setting is good.

2. When I select the software, I forgot to select the desktop. Instead, I chose the minimal installation. This is the case after I enter the software.

　　　　

After BD, it is found that this is to enter the account name and password, then follow the requirements (Linux security is doing a good job, and the password will not be displayed again)

　　　　

Then, the red box shows the real-time installed logo, but the desktop is not installed. But I didn't know it at the time. I thought it was wrong again. OK, shut down, restart, and try again. After three steps, I realized that the installation was complete. I can directly enter the command to perform the operation, but I won't. Okay, let's try again. I chose GNOME this time and successfully entered Linux.

　　　　

As you can see, is on.

By the way, QQ cannot be directly installed in Linux.

Step 5. Find the win10 Guide

As mentioned above, the startup item cannot be selected during CentOS installation. Now we need to solve this problem.

Method 1: Configure grub in Linux

For specific implementation, see: http://tieba.baidu.com/p/3152957061

Let's explain it first. We don't want to go in, and we can't understand anything. We use the second one.

Method 2:

1. Restore win10 MBR

We recommend that you take a look at the reason for this step here. We should first make a winPE boot disk when we are in Windows, which is also the reason for using two USB flash disks.

I use the software is the old peach (cabbage can also be, are very brainless, basically do not need to set) specific implementation please refer to: http://www.laomaotao.org/softhelp/syjc/1193.html

There is also a small problem here, that is, the installed and UEFI versions. Most computers should now support UEFI, but I used a broken computer in the school library at the time, UEFI always prompts that it cannot be read, but it can only be used as an installed version, but later I felt that there was no big difference. In addition, the above tutorial is a little old. After I started the boot disk, I didn't find the "partition assistant" in the Start menu, so I used a partition software on the desktop, there is also something like "Rebuilding MBR" in it. If the package will not use that software at that time, please BD on your own (after the destruction of CentOS, my love for du Niang will go up to the next level ).

　　　　You can jump back from the top of the dashboard ~~~ Click here to take the rocket

2. Add Cent0S 7 to the startup Item

After the MBR is restored, you can enter win10 now. However, you will find that there is no CentOS in the startup Item (my heart crashes)

So we need to use the EasyBDC software (Registration Code directly BD)

　　　　

　　　　

After restarting the computer, you can see the startup Item.

 

Now, the entire installation process is complete.

However, after installation, I encountered several minor problems.

First: after adding the startup Item with EasyBCD, win10 will not be able to shut down, and it will automatically restart after each shutdown.

Solution: Disable win10 "Quick Start ".

Second: After the host can be properly switched on and off, enable "Quick Start" and find that the CentOS startup item cannot be found.

Solution: Cancel win10 "Quick Start ". I tried it many times and found that as long as this function is enabled, CentOS cannot be used.

　　　　

OK. All the problems are solved. Welcome to learn and communicate with Tom. Thank you for your advice. The level is limited.