10 essential differences between Linux and FreeBSD systems __linux

http://news.cnblogs.com/n/84066/

The logo of Linux is a very cute little penguin, and FreeBSD is a small demon holding a fork. Do you often hear people confuse Linux with BSD systems? Yes, I hear a lot of beginners sometimes, even the media say so. There are, of course, a lot of similarities in the two, for example, they are all based on Unix, and basically both types of systems are developed by nonprofit organizations and teams, and I'd like to say that both systems have a common goal – to create the most useful and reliable operating system.

But then again, there are obvious differences between the two systems, and when people ignore this, the entire BSD community feels unusually angry, so we can often see that BSD community people or BSD users are dismissive of Linux. So I will do my best to help my BSD brethren and let more people know where Linux differs from BSD.

　　1. License

As we know, Linux operating systems are licensed under GPL licenses. This license prevents Open-source software from being converted to closed source software and ensuring the availability of source code. The purpose of the GPL license is to prevent binary packages from becoming the only source of software distribution.

The BSD license is much less restrictive, and it even allows binary packages to be the only source of distribution. This is the core difference: The GPL license gives you the right to have any way you want to use the software, but you have to make sure that you provide the source code to the next person who uses it (including your changes to it). The BSD license does not require you to do that. (Translator Note: This is Wikipedia's interpretation of BSD and GPL licenses, respectively)

　　2, Code control

BSD code is not controlled in any one hand, and the Linux kernel is basically controlled by Linus Torvalds (Linux founder), and BSD does not have a single person who can or cannot enter the code. Instead, BSD manages the project through a core team, the core group, which has more say than the non-caucus to guide the BSD community in its direction, and as far as I know, members of the FREEBSDD caucus are elected every two years. )

　　3. Kernel vs Operating system

The BSD project maintains the entire operating system, while Linux is focused primarily on a single kernel. This is really something to note, although there are many of the same software running on both systems.

　　4, Unix-like

Here's an old version of BSD vs Linux: "The BSD is what you got when a bunch ' Unix hackers sit down to try to port a UNIX system to" Pc. The Linux is what the bunch of PCs hackers sit down and try to write a UNIX system for the PC. You'll find that the BSD system is more like Unix, and it's actually a direct derivative of traditional UNIX. Linux, on the other hand, is a loosely created OS based on the UNIX derivative (Minix).

　　5. Basic System

This is a critical concept about the difference between BSD and Linux. Linux's "Basic system" is not really there, many people will say that the basic Linux system is the kernel, but the problem is that if there is no available applications, then the kernel is completely worthless. On the other hand, BSD has a basic system that includes many tools, and even libc is part of the basic system. Because these components are used as a basic system, they are all developed and packaged together, and many facts suggest that this creates a more cohesive whole.

　　6, more from the source code

As a result of the BSD development approach (using the Ports system), users are more often installing programs from the source code than the precompiled binary packages. Is this an advantage or disadvantage? It depends on the different users. If you want to think more about friendliness or usability, you may be tempted to give up when you see this, especially for new users. But some new users also have the desire to compile from the source code installation, which may be more tiring. However, from the source installation also has some advantages, such as library version control, through a special package to build the system and so on.

　　7. Upgrade

Because of the BSD development approach (see item 5th), you can use an instruction to upgrade your basic system to the latest version (Freebsd under the freebsd-update Fetch Update command). Or you can download the entire source tree and then upgrade it by compiling it. In Linux, you can also use the built-in package management system to upgrade the system. The former (BSD) only updates the base system, while the latter (Linux) upgrades the entire system. Keep in mind, however, that upgrading to the latest basic system in BSD does not mean that all add-on packages will be updated, and that all packages will be upgraded when Linux is upgraded. Does this mean that Linux is handled better? Not in my view. I have often seen Linux upgrade with a serious error, which requires reinstalling the entire system, but this phenomenon is less likely to occur during the BSD upgrade process.

　　8, cutting-edge technology

Basically you're not likely to see the BSD system running any very cutting-edge version of the software. In Linux, a large number of distributions distribute cutting-edge versions of the packages. If you are a holder of an "if it isn ' t broken, don ' t fix it", you will be a super fan of BSD. But if you're trendy and want to experience all the latest things, you'd better migrate to Linux as soon as possible.

　　9, hardware support

You will find that Linux is typically supported by hardware earlier than BSD. But this is not to say that BSD does not support as much hardware as Linux does, it simply means that in some cases Linux will support some hardware before BSD. So, if you want the latest, best graphics, you don't have to think about BSD at all. If you have a new notebook containing the latest wireless chips, it is recommended that you choose Linux, and perhaps it will support it if you are lucky.

　　10. User Group

Here I take the risk of summarizing computer users, but I want to make it clear that there are exceptions to everything. Below I want to show you my summary of the user distribution.

mac–> windows–> linux–> bsd–> UNIX

From the left to the right, it is the transition to "have the most computer-savvy user base in the people who use the OS" to the "most proficient users of the computer". We can see that Linux is placed in the middle, and BSD is closer to the right. Many people will argue about it, and some may feel offended. However, the individual considers this to be a fairly accurate generalization of "which users are using which systems".