Android Basics Dry (ii): Android Test and analysis

1. Related Concepts of testing

1, according to whether you know the source code classification:

黑盒测试： a - b - c  边值测试白盒测试： 根据源代码写测试方法 或者 测试用例;

2, according to the size of the test classification:

方法测试：写完一个方法后就测试单元测试：测试一个能够独立运行的业务逻辑单元;集成测试：整体测试项目 联调系统测试:对整个系统进行测试

3, according to the level of violence tested:

1、冒烟测试：高频次的点击软件2、压力测试：使用测试工具：LoadRunner、Jmeter

2. Unit Testing

Junit

01_Junit单元测试 does not specify a android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner instrumentation or does not declare uses-library android.test.runner in its AndroidManifest.xml

Steps for unit Testing:

1, write a business class, write a business method:

public class CalcService {public static int add(int x,int y){        return x+y;}

}

2, write a test class, write a test method, used to test the business method

public class CalcServiceTest extends AndroidTestCase{public void testAdd(){    int result = CalcService.add(4, 5);    assertEquals(9, result);    }}

3. Add the package required for the test in the manifest file

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.itheima.junit"android:versionCode="1"android:versionName="1.0" ><!-- 添加指令集，添加到manifest节点的里面，指令集会把应用程序部署到模拟器上运行 --><instrumentation android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" android:targetPackage="com.itheima.junit"></instrumentation><application    android:allowBackup="true"    android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"    android:label="@string/app_name"    android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >    <!-- 添加JUnit的测试包 ,添加到application节点的里面-->    <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"/>        ....</application></manifest>

Use of 3.Logcat logging tools

Level of log:
Error: Highest level, error message, red
Warn: Relatively high, warning message, orange
Debug: High, Debug info, Blue
Info: General, general information, Green
VERBOSE: general, all information, black

4. Storing data to a file

How the Android app stores data:

1、保存到文件2、SQLite数据库3、内容提供者4、sharedproferrences保存数据5、网络/data/data/应用包名/info.txt

5. Read the data from the file and display it to the interface

(1) To save the file to the directory of the current application step:

1、创建一个文件，目录/data/data/<包名>/文件名2、创建一个文件输出流，把数据写到文件上3、关闭输出流。代码：            //保存数据            File file = new File("/data/data/com.itheima.login/info.txt");            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);            String info = qq + "##"+ pwd;            fos.write(info.getBytes());                        fos.close();            Toast.makeText(this, "保存数据成功", 0).show();

(2) Read the data in the file and display it to the interface

@Overrideprotected void OnCreate (Bundle savedinstancestate) {super.oncreate (savedinstancestate);            Setcontentview (R.layout.activity_main);        ET_QQ = (EditText) Findviewbyid (R.ID.ET_QQ);        Et_pwd = (EditText) Findviewbyid (R.ID.ET_PWD);        CB = (CheckBox) Findviewbyid (R.ID.CB);    Read the data in the file and display it to the interface map<string,string> Map = Readinfo (this);                if (map! = null) {Et_qq.settext (Map.get ("QQ"));    Et_pwd.settext (Map.get ("pwd"));    }}/** * Read the data in the file * @param ctx * @return */public map<string,string> readinfo (Context ctx) {String QQ = ";    String pwd = "";    map<string,string> map = new hashmap<string,string> ();        try {File File = new file ("/data/data/com.itheima.login/files/info.txt");        FileReader FR = new FileReader (file);        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader (FR);                String info = br.readline ();        string[] Array = Info.split ("# #");        QQ = array[0]; PWD = ArraY[1];        Map.put ("QQ", QQ);        Map.put ("pwd", PWD);            return map;        } catch (Exception e) {e.printstacktrace ();    return null;     }        }

6. Store to SD card (emphasis)

异常信息：09-21 23:25:32.068: W/System.err(24718): java.io.FileNotFoundException: /storage/sdcard/info.txt: open failed: EACCES (Permission denied)

Steps:

1、  在SD卡上创建一个文件，2、创建一个输出流往sd卡上写数据String data = "dsfdsae";                File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "info.txt");                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);        fos.write(data.getBytes());                 fos.close();3、在清单文件中添加访问SD卡的权限 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

7. Get the SD size and available space

//获得sd卡的目录对象    File file = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();        //获得sd卡总空间的大小    long total =  file.getTotalSpace();        //转换数据大小的数据单位    String totalSize = Formatter.formatFileSize(this, total);    //获得sd卡剩余空间的大小    long usable = file.getUsableSpace();        String usableSize = Formatter.formatFileSize(this, usable);        tv.setText(usableSize+"/"+totalSize);

8. The concept of file permissions

文件的4种操作模式：Context.MODE_PRIVATE：为默认操作模式，代表该文件是私有数据，只能被应用本身访问，在该模式下，写入的内容会覆盖原文件的内容，如果想把新写入的内容追加到原文件中。可以使用Context.MODE_APPENDContext.MODE_APPEND：模式会检查文件是否存在，存在就往文件追加内容，否则就创建新文件。Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE和Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE用来控制其他应用是否有权限读写该文件。MODE_WORLD_READABLE：表示当前文件可以被其他应用读取；MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE：表示当前文件可以被其他应用写入。如果希望文件被其他应用读和写，可以传入：   openFileOutput("itcast.txt", Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE +             Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE);android有一套自己的安全模型，当应用程序(.apk)在安装时系统就会分配给他一个userid，当该应用要去访问其他资源比如文件的时候，就需要userid匹配。默认情况下，任何应用创建的文件，sharedpreferences，数据库都应该是私有的（位于/data/data/<package name>/files），其他程序无法访问。除非在创建时指定了Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE或者Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE ，只有这样其他程序才能正确访问。

9.SharedPreferences Second Storage method (emphasis)

The 
  is used primarily for (1) saving data to sharedpreferences public void Save (View v) {String data = Et.gettext (). toString (). Trim (    );        if (Textutils.isempty (data)) {Toast.maketext (this, "Please enter data", 0). Show ();    Return }else{//Get a sharedpreferences sharedpreferences sp = this.getsharedpreferences ("info", Context.mode        _private);                Sharedpreferences provides an editor to help us save the data Editor editor = Sp.edit ();                Editor.putstring ("Data", data);    Save the data in Sharedpreferences editor.commit ();    }} (2) Read data from Sharedpreferences public String ReadData () {string data; try {//Get a sharedpreferences sharedpreferences sp = this.getsharedpreferences ("info", context.mode_private)         ;    Data is obtained according to the parameter name sp.getstring ("data", NULL);        } catch (Exception e) {//TODO auto-generated catch block E.printstacktrace ();    data = "";    } return data; } 

10. Using the serializer to generate an XML file

1, initialize an Xml file serializer XmlSerializer serializer = Xml.newserializer ();        2. Initialize the sequencer parameter file File = new file (Environment.getexternalstoragedirectory (), "Backup.xml");        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream (file);        Serializer.setoutput (FOS, "UTF-8");        3. Start writing the XML file.        Serializer.startdocument ("UTF-8", true);        Serializer.starttag (NULL, "SMSS");            for (Smsinfo Info:smsinfos) {//Start writing SMS node Serializer.starttag (NULL, "SMS");            Start writing body node Serializer.starttag (null, "body");            Serializer.text (Info.getbody ());                         Body node end Serializer.endtag (null, "body");            Start writing address node Serializer.starttag (NULL, "address");            Serializer.text (Info.getaddress ());                        Serializer.endtag (NULL, "address");            Start writing data node Serializer.starttag (NULL, "date");            Serializer.text (Info.getdate () + ""); SeriaLizer.endtag (NULL, "date");        SMS node end serializer.endtag (null, "SMS");        }//SMSS root node end serializer.endtag (null, "SMSS");        XML end Serializer.enddocument ();                Fos.close ();    Toast.maketext (This, "Backup SMS Success", 0). Show ();        } catch (Exception e) {e.printstacktrace ();    Toast.maketext (This, "Backup SMS Failed", 0). Show (); }

11. Using pull to parse data in XML format (important)

public class MainActivity extends Activity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   // 设置activity显示的布局    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    TextView tv_info = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_info);    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();    try {        //获取我们解析出来的天气信息        List<Channel> channels = WeatherService.getAllWeatherInfos(getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("weather.xml"));        for(Channel channel : channels){            sb.append(channel.toString());            sb.append("\n");        }        //把解析出来的天气信息设置到textview上        tv_info.setText(sb.toString());        } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();        Toast.makeText(this, "解析天气信息失败", 0).show();    }    }}

  public class WeatherService {/** * The data returned by the parsing server gets the weather information * @param the stream containing the weather information returned by the IS server (XML) * @return */public static list<    Channel> Getallweatherinfos (InputStream is) throws exception{list<channel> channels = null;    Channel channel = NULL;    1. Get the XML parser xmlpullparser parser = Xml.newpullparser ();    2. Set the XML parser parameter Parser.setinput (IS, "utf-8");        3. Start parsing the XML file. int type = Parser.geteventtype ();//Gets the type of the current event while (type!=xmlpullparser.end_document) {//requires the pull parser to parse to the end of the file s                Witch (type) {case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:if ("Weather". Equals (Parser.getname ())) {//Total start node Channels = new arraylist<channel> ();                Initializes the collection}else if ("Channel". Equals (Parser.getname ())) {//The information for a city begins.                Channel = new channel ();                Gets the property value of the id String id = parser.getattributevalue (0);                Channel.setid (Integer.parseint (id)); Parse City node}else if ("City". Equals (PARser.getname ())) {String city = Parser.nexttext ();                Channel.setcity (city);                Parse temperature node}else if ("Temp". Equals (Parser.getname ())) {String temp = Parser.nexttext ();                Channel.settemp (temp);                Parse the Wind node}else if ("Windy". Equals (Parser.getname ())) {String winds = parser.nexttext ();                 Channel.setwind (wind);                Resolves the pm250 node}else if ("pm250". Equals (Parser.getname ())) {String pm250 = Parser.nexttext ();            CHANNEL.SETPM250 (Integer.parseint (pm250));        } break; Judge the end node of the XML case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:if ("channel". Equals (Parser.getname ())) {//To parse the content                Added to the set Channels.add (channel);            channel = null;        } break;    } type = Parser.next ();    } is.close (); Return channels;//The collection of all the Channels back}}

Android Basics Dry (ii): Android Test and parsing