Basic commands in Linux

1. Linux system directory

• / : root directory
• /bin : command to execute files under Linux, which is equivalent to exe execution files under Windows

Extensions:Big Data Framework-software-install/Unpack compressed Packages-bin folder

• /sbin : admin command, root user use

Extensions:Big Data Framework-software-install/Unpack compressed Packages-Sbin folder

• / etc : Store system configuration files such as/etc/hosts

Extensions:Big Data Framework Hadoop-software-install/unpack compressed Packages-etc folder

• /home: By default, the normal user master directory/working directory

when creating a user, the default is in the /home directoryCreate a subfolder with the user name as the working directory for this user

• /opt : Optional meaning, optional, install the software directory

All Big Data software is installed in this directory

• / usr : User Install program (software) directory, default JDK installation directory

2, Basic command operation 2-1, switching between users $ su-user nameEnter PasswordTo switch users:root switch to normal user1. Exit 2. Su-user name Note There are spaces on both sides!!! 2-2. Basic Operation command

• LS dir

List all files (directories and files) in the directory

• Pwd

Show Current working directory

• Cd

switch to a directoryNothing is added to the CD.users will automatically jump to the user's home directory/home/xxxroot user will automatically jump to/root

• More

View the contents of the system text file, using page flipping form

• which

find the location of a namesuch as $ which LS

• Service

commands that are part of the system administration service that can start services installed on the systemmust use root user action# serivce Iptables stop|status|start|restartFor example:Restart the Nic# Service Network Restart

• Command line to clear the screen

$ clear or Ctrl + L on the keyboard  Special Directories:The first one: ~ represents the current user's home directory/home/user name,Note the root user home directory/rootThe second one: . Represents the current directoryThe third one: .. Indicates the parent directory of the target directory

• Change Password: Switch to root user #passwd + username

Enter a new passwordConfirm New Passwordmodified successfully!

• More tips for use:

text format should be the same as SECURECRT format, otherwise garbledSelect UTF-8

• The difference between ls and ll :

ls is a display-only namell is displayed in the form of a list in detail (with date, etc.)

• man query format: Man + content

Press Q to exit

• Add User:useradd
• Add Link:ln
• Create file:mkdir

Basic commands in Linux