Basic Linux disk partitioning tutorial

Basic Linux disk partitioning tutorial

Introduction

Linux disk partitions are divided into physical partitions and logical partitions. physical partitions are directly partitioned on a specified physical disk, which is convenient but weak in expansion; on the contrary, the logic can be combined into a large Logical Disk by multiple physical disks sharing a few pieces of space, and then partitioned. This operation is troublesome but highly scalable. In Linux, everything is a file, and users can access data through partitioning and mounting directories.

Physical Partition

Reduce/home space to 100 GB, add physical partition sda3, expand space to 129 GB, and mount to/ddhome directory

1. View partitions

Df-h

2. Detach a mount Partition

Umount/home

If the message "device is busy" is displayed, this directory is being used by some users.

Lsof/home: Find the process and kill it.

3. Check for errors in vg_ddz-lv_home files

E2fsck-f/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_home

4. Adjust/home to 100 GB

Resize2fs-p/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_home 100G

5. Reduce physical boundaries

Lvreduce-L 100G/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_home
Enter y

6. view the remaining space of "Free PE/Size"

Vgdisplay

7. Add a partition

Fdisk/dev/sda

P

N

P

3

W

8. Effective

Partprobe (or reboot)

9. Extended Space to/dev/sd3

Lvextend-L + 129G/dev/sda3

10. disk formatting

Mkfs-t ext3/dev/sda3

11. Disk Inspection

Fsck-C-f-t ext3/dev/sda3

12. Sector Bad Track Test

Badblocks-sv/dev/sda3

13. Mount directory

Rm-rf/ddhome & mkdir/ddhome

Mount/dev/sda3/ddhome

14. view results

Df-h

Logical Partition

Add a logical volume lv_ddhome, assign a GB space, and mount it to the/ddhome directory.

1. view the process in use/home

Fuser-l/home

Ps-ef | grep xxx

Kill-9 pid

2. Uninstall the Mount directory

Umount/home

3. Check for errors in vg_ddz-lv_home files

E2fsck-f/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_home

4. Adjust/home to 100 GB

Resize2fs-p/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_home 80G

5. Reduce physical boundaries

Lvreduce-L 80G/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_home
Enter y

6. Remount/home

Mount/home

7. view the available space of the volume group vg

Vgs

8. New logical volume

Lvcreate-L 150G-n lv_ddhome vg_ddz

9. format the logical volume

Mke2fs-t ext3/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_ddhome

10. Mount directory

Rm-rf/ddhome & mkdir/ddhome

Mount/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_ddhome/ddhome

11. view results

Df-h

Logical Volume Expansion

Add Disk/dev/sdc, add to logical volume group vg_ddz, and resize to logical partition/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_ddhome

Umount is required for capacity reduction, and resizing is not required

1. display new disk information without restarting

Ls/sys/class/scsi_host/

Echo "---">/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

Echo "---">/sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan

Echo "---">/sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan

2. Check whether the new disk is displayed.

Fdisk-l

3. Add the new disk to the volume group.

Vgextend vg_ddz/dev/sdc

4. 500 GB added

Lvextend-L + 500G/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_ddhome

5. Synchronize the File System

Resize2fs/dev/mapper/vg_ddz-lv_ddhome

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