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DTD and mode, DTD Mode
Summary
We must test ie when creating a page. After all, the market share of IE is still very high. With the popularity of HTML5, projects may require that the minimum IE version be IE8 or later, but many projects are compatible with earlier IE versions. Therefore, we often encounter page layout disorder in earlier versions of IE. This is because there are two modes of IE browser that affect the page. Now let's take a look at it.
Document verification mechanism (DTD)DTD is a validation mechanism for html files and is part of html files. Three types of documents: S (Strict), T (Transitional), and F (Frameset ).
HTML5 simplifies DTD and can be used directly <! Doctype html>.
ModeThe mode is mainly for ie browsers. In ie7 or lower, Microsoft's code standards differ from those set by W3C, but ie has a very large market share, therefore, developers will write code according to Microsoft's specifications. With the development of major browser vendors and the efforts of W3C organizations, browser standardization becomes more and more obvious. To be compatible with ie6/7, Microsoft added the pattern feature in the ie8 browser, which can solve problems caused by inconsistent code standards.
There are two modes: browser mode and document mode. What are the differences between the two models?
For the document mode, Each browser has a different working mode.
| IE6 | IE7 | IE8 | IE9 | IE10 | Chrome | Firefox | Safari | Opera | |
| Quriks Mode) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Close to standard Mode) | None | None | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Standard Mode) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
How do we control what document mode the browser uses to display pages?
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
The above code is used to specify that the IE browser renders the page in standard document mode. We can modify the edge to specify a specific version, for example, IE = 8.
What should I do to control this? Obviously, this element can tell the browser in what mode to use to render pages. Sometimes we can see normal content in the browser of higher IE versions, and the layout of earlier versions is messy, add the following and the correct DTD declaration.
< meta http-equiv = "X-UA-Compatible" content = "IE=edge,chrome=1" />
Determine the document mode of the current page
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2
S (standard mode), A (close to standard mode), Q (Mixed Mode)
| Doctype | NS6 | Old Moz | Moz & Safari & Opera 10 & IE10 & HTML5 |
Opera 9.0 | IE 8, IE 9 & Opera 9.5 | Internet Explorer 7 & operators' 7.10 | Internet Explorer 6 & operators' 7.0 | Mac IE 5 | Konq 3.2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
<!DOCTYPE html> |
Q | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | |
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "about:legacy-compat"> |
? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"> |
Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | A |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | Q | A |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | A |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | A |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> |
Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> |
S | S | A | A | A | A | A | A | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/loose.dtd"> |
Q | S | A | A | A | A | A | A | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> |
Q | Q | Q | Q | A | A | A | A | Q |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | A |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | A |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | A |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> |
S | S | A | A | A | A | A | A | Q |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | Q | A | Q |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | Q | A | Q |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | Q | A | Q |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
S | S | A | A | A | A | Q | A | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "ISO/IEC 15445:2000//DTD HTML//EN"> |
Q | S | S | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "ISO/IEC 15445:2000//DTD HyperText Markup Language//EN"> |
Q | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "ISO/IEC 15445:1999//DTD HTML//EN"> |
S | S | S | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "ISO/IEC 15445:1999//DTD HyperText Markup Language//EN"> |
S | S | S | S | S | A | A | A | Q |
PS:
Opera document mode: http://www.opera.com/docs/specs/doctype/
Firefox document mode: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla%27s_DOCTYPE_sniffing
IE8: http://blogs.msdn.com/ B /ie/archive/2010/03/02/how-ie8-determines-document-mode.aspx
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