File systems for Linux

LSB (Linux standards Base):

The LSB is the de facto standard in Linux standardization, and the binary interface between the application and the running environment is developed.

Specifically, it is:

1. A binary interface specification means that applications do not have to be recompiled when migrating between systems, ensuring that the application is compatible on all certified Linux distributions.

2. A test specification to test whether the Linux distributions and Linux applications meet the LSB standard.

3. Build a development environment for applications that comply with the LSB specification.

4. A sample of the running environment provided for running and testing the application in a pure LSB environment. The LSB consists of two core parts, divided into general specifications and specific processor specifications.

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Components included in the LSB specification

FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard):

Most Linux versions use this form of file, similar to the file directory of the C drive in the Windows operating system, which organizes files in a tree-FHS structure. FHS defines the purpose of each region in the system, the minimum required composition of the files and directories, and also gives the exception handling and contradictory processing.

LSB, FHS:

/boot: Boot file directory, kernel file (vmlinuz), boot loader (bootloader, grub) are stored in this directory

/bin: A basic command for all users, a program that is not associated to a separate partition, and that is used by OS startup

/sbin: The basic command of the management class, which cannot be associated to a separate partition, the program that is used by OS startup

/lib: Basic shared library files, and kernel module files (/lib/modules)

/LIB64: storage location for secondary shared library files dedicated to x86_64 systems

/etc: Configuration file directory (plain text file)

/home/username: Normal User home directory

/root: Administrator's home directory

/media: Portable Mobile device mount point (CDROM, USB)

/MNT: Temporary file system mount point

/dev: Device files and special file storage locations

B:block device, random access

C:character device, linear access

/OPT: Where to install third-party applications

/SRV: Data used by services running on the system

/tmp: Temporary file storage location

/usr:universal GKFX, read-only data

Bin: An application that ensures that the system has full functionality

Sbin: A management program that ensures that the system has full functionality

LIB: Basic shared library files, and kernel module files (/lib/modules)

LIB64: storage location for secondary shared library files dedicated to x86_64 systems

Include:c header file for the program (header files)

Share: structured independent data such as Doc, man, etc.

Local: Installation location for third-party applications

Bin, Sbin, Lib, lib64, etc, share

/var:variable Data files

Cache: The application caches the data directory

LIB: Application state information data

Local: Dedicated to storing mutable data for applications under/usr/local

Lock: Lock file

LOG: Logs directory and files

OPT: Dedicated to storing variable data for applications under/OPT

Run: Running process-related data; PID file typically used to store the process

Spool: Application Data Pool

TMP: Save temporary data generated between system two reboots

/proc: A virtual file system for outputting kernel-related process information

/sys: Virtual file system for outputting information about hardware devices on the current system

/selinux:security Enhanced Linux,selinux The storage location of information such as the relevant security policy

Components of an application on Linux:

Binaries:/bin,/sbin,/usr/bin,/usr/sbin,/usr/local/bin,/usr/local/sbin

Library files:/lib,/lib64,/usr/lib,/usr/lib64,/usr/local/lib,/usr/local/lib64

Configuration files:/etc,/etc/directory,/usr/local/etc

Help files:/usr/share/man,/usr/share/doc,/usr/local/share/man,/usr/local/share/doc

File types under Linux:

-(f): Ordinary document (file)

D: catalog file (device)

B: Block devices (blocks)

C: Character device (Charater)

L: Symlink file (link)

P: Piping file (pipe)

S: Socket file (socket)

This article is from the "Ricky Technology Blog" blog, make sure to keep this source http://r1cky.blog.51cto.com/10646564/1773843

File systems for Linux