Install oracle in Linux

I used Oracle V8.1.6 of Linux and installed it on RedHat Linux 6.0.

Oracle Installation includes two parts: Enterprise Edition server and client. You can select different parts for installation based on your actual situation.

Here, the Enterprise Edition server is the main introduction object, and the client installation method is relatively simple.

Server Installation includes three types: Typical installation, minimum installation, and custom installation.

Client installation includes Administrator client, programmer client, Application User client, and custom installation client.

■ System Requirements
1. Hardware requirements

● The minimum memory configuration is 128 MB. We recommend that you use 256 MB;

● The Hard Disk swap partition can be at least MB or more than twice the memory;

● Hard disk size requirements:

Typical Server Installation: 750 mb
Minimum installation 675 mb
Customized installation 1 gb
Client administrator 350 mb
Programmer 260 mb
Application User 150 mb
Custom installation 470 mb

2. software requirements

● The Linux kernel must be V2.2 or later;

● Java Runtime Environment (JRE) must be V1.1.6 or later;

● The system must support X Windows.

■ Preparations before installation
1. system kernel Modification

Modify the/usr/src/linux/include/asm/hmparam. h file as follows:

Modified Value
Memory size of shmmax * 0.5
Shmmin 1
Shmmni 100
Shmseg 10

Modify the/usr/src/linux/include/linux/sem. h file as follows:

Modified Value
Semmni 100
Semmsl processes parameter + 10
Total processes parameters of all segmns databases + 10

Semopm 100
Semvm x 32767

After modifying the parameters, run the "make dep", "make clean", and "make bzImage" commands to re-compile the kernel and start the computer with the new kernel.

2. Establish system users and installation Directories

We recommend that you create two groups for the database-oinstall and dba in the Oracle technical documentation. However, in actual use, I found that Oracle can be successfully installed only when a dba group is created, it does not affect the use of the system. You need to add an oracle user to the database, which belongs to the dba group, and then create the/u01/app/oracle/8.1.6 directory, and set its owner to oracle. dba.

3. Set Environment Variables

Not all environment variable settings are required, but setting them makes installation and use easier. This can be seen later in the installation process. Edit. bash_profile in the Oracle user's home directory to set environment variables:

ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6

Export ORACLE_HOME/directory containing Oracle software/

LD_LIBRARY_PATH =/u01/app/oracle/

Product/8.1.6/lib;

Export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

ORACLE_BASE =/u01/app/oracle

Export ORACLE_BASE/directory of Oracle software and Management Software/

ORACLE_SID = ORCL

Export ORACLE_SID/default database ID/

ORACLE_TERM = vt100

Export ORACLE_TERM

ORA_NLS33 =/u01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/

Ocommon/nls/admin/data

Export ORA_NLS33/Supported languages/

PATH = $ PATH:/u01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/bin

Export PATH

For users with relatively small memory, there may be insufficient memory when installing Oracle in X window. In this case, you need to set the DISPLAY variable, it outputs the X window installation interface that should have been locally output to the host set by the DISPLAY variable. The method is as follows:

Displayed = 192.168.0.20: 0.0

Export DISPLAY

Set the variable xhost servername on the output terminal to allow the server to send the X window display interface to the terminal, which can reduce the workload on the server, saves system resources during installation.

4. install Java Runtime Environment (JRE)

Since the installation of the database is based on the graphic interface of X window and uses a Java program, it requires the support of Java Runtime Environment (JRE.

5. Create the installation source directory

If you are using a CD-ROM for installation, You need to first map the optical drive to the directory-"mount/dev/cdrom ";

If the user uses a tar.gz file, extract the file to the/tmp directory, and then authorize the generated installation directory to oracle. dba.

■ Database Installation
1. log on to the system as an Oracle user, enter the installation source directory, and run "./runInstaller" to start installation;

2. Go to the installation page and click "Next". The directory setting page is displayed;

If the user's environment variables are correctly set, the directory in this interface will automatically complete the settings. Otherwise, you need to select the Directory through the "Browse" button. After the settings are complete, click "Next" to go to the Next step;

3. The rest of the work is very simple, as long as you follow the prompts to do it, basically no problem, but there are some points to note:

● Add "dba" to the Unix Group Name field ";

● Select Oracle8i Enterprise Edition ";

● Select "Custom" for the installation type ";

● We recommend that you do not select Intermedia in the installation content. Some technical documents indicate that the software is not running very stably. Why bother us!

● Select "No" when asking whether to create a database during installation, because we need to use a dedicated tool provided by Oracle to create a database;

● During the installation process, two files must be executed as Root-only the su command can be used for identity conversion.

4. The key lies in preparing

As long as there is no problem in preparation, the process of installing the database system is still very simple. From a technical point of view, all the parameters set during database creation can be modified after the database is created. Therefore, you do not have to worry about Setting errors, you only need to carefully check the prompts in each step. Here I have a small suggestion: if the user is a beginner, it is best to choose a typical installation when creating a database, which can avoid complicated database setup and reduce the trouble. However, this option may cause some usage problems, such as: the system tablespace is small, the record file is not stored in partitions, and the database file is too large or too small. If you are familiar with the basic concepts and functions of Oracle databases and have a deep understanding of your needs, the best solution is to choose custom installation for the database installation type. If the computer used for installation is not of high grade, it will take a long time to install the database. After the installation is complete, there will be two default database administrator users: sys, the password is change_on_install; system, and the password is manager. From the perspective of system security, we recommend that you change the passwords of these two users in SQLPlus after starting the database.

■ Let the database work
1. Start the database

It is very easy to start the database. Just run the following command as an Oracle user.

Svrmgrl

Connect internal

Startup

Quit

2. Start work

If you are using a database on the server, you can use SQLPlus provided by Oracle to perform database operations. If you want to change the user password, you can do this:

Sqlplus user/password

SQL> alter user sys identified by new_password;

SQL> exit

If the user operates the database on the client, it will be a little troublesome: first, the database server needs to listen on the port. After receiving the request, the client can establish a connection with the server, the method for server listening is to run the following command: lsnrctl start; then the client user needs to establish a service name through NET8 to connect to the server; then, the client software can be used, for example, the client SQLPlus performs operations on the database.

Everything is difficult as long as you master the key. The author believes that the key to installing the Oracle database is the preparation stage. The installation process is very simple.