Linux Archives and Directory management

To learn about Linux files and directories, you should first look at relative paths and absolute paths.

Absolute path: The path must be written by the root directory, such as/DEV/SDA.

Relative path: The path is not written by/write (relative to the path of the current directory), for example:./dev.

Several common ways to represent relative paths:

.. /: Parent directory./: Current directory.: represents this layer directory. : Represents a previous level directory

-: Represents the previous working directory ~: The home directory representing the current user's identity ~account: Represents the home directory where the account user resides

Common Directory processing commands:

1) CD: Transform directory

Command format: CD [relative path or absolute path]

EG:CD Vbird representative went to vbid the user's home directory, namely/home/vbird

CD represents the current directory

2) PWD: Show current directory

Command format: PWD [-P]

Common options and Parameters:

-P: Shows the exact path instead of using the link path.

3) mkdir: Create a new directory

Command format: mkdir [-MP]

Common options and Parameters:

-M: Configure permissions for the file. Direct settings, do not need to see the default permissions (Umask) face.

-P: helps you to directly set up the desired directory recursively.

Eg:mkdir-m 711 Test2

Mkdir-p/test1/test2/test3

4) RmDir: Delete an empty directory

Command format: rmdir [-p] Directory name

Common options and Parameters:

-P: Along with the upper empty Directory is also deleted.

5) LS: View of files and directories

LS has a lot of parameters, the most commonly used is the-a,-d,-l these several.

6) CP: Copy files or directories

Command format: CP [-ADFILPRSU] source file destination file

Common options and Parameters:

-I: If the target file already exists, the action will be asked before overwriting.

-P: Copy the past together with the attributes of the archive, not the default properties.

-R: Recursive continuous replication for the replication behavior of the directory.

7) RM: Remove files or directories

Command format: RM [-fir] File or directory

Common options and Parameters:

-F: Ignores files that do not exist and does not appear with warning messages.

-I: Interactive mode that asks the user if the action is active before deleting it.

-r: Recursive delete.

8) MV: Move files and directories, or rename

Command format: MV [-FIU] Source desination

Common options and Parameters:

-F: If the target already exists, no direct overwrite is asked.

-I: If the target file already exists, ask whether to overwrite

-U: If the target file already exists and the source is newer, it will be updated.

9) basename: Get the file name of the path

DIRNM: Gets the directory name of the path

10) access to the contents of the archives:

Cat: Displays the contents of the archive starting from the first line

TAC: Starting from the last line, it can be seen that the TAC is written backwards by Cat.

NL: The output line number when displayed.

MORE: Page-by-page display of file contents

Less: Like more, you can flip ahead.

Head: Just a few lines.

Tail: Just look at the tail a few lines.

OD: Reads the file contents in binary way.

11) Search for script file names:

Which: Finding the execution file

12) Search for file name:

Whereis [-BMSU] file or directory name

Locate [-ir] keyword

Find [PATH] [option][action]

whereis and locate are searched through the database, faster, but the database is built by default once a day, so when your newly created file will tell you that you can't find it. It is possible to update the database with Updaedb

Linux Archives and Directory management