Linux Cloud Base File system

Today, let's go into the Linux file system with Xiao Xiao.

In Linux, adhering to a sentence: All documents, operations are ordered. In Linux, everything is represented in the form of a file, and all operations can be implemented with commands.

First, the file structure of Linux:

Linux is an inverted tree structure with the topmost/(root) as the starting point.

/root directory

┃

┏━━┳━━━┳━━━┳━━━┳━━━┳━━━╋━━━┳━━━┳━━━┳━━━┳━━━━━━┓

┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃

Bin Home Dev etc lib sbin tmp usr var root

Although there are many files in Linux, but each folder holds his corresponding items, here are some of the more important folders:

/bin: Stored executable commands

Home directory for a common user owner, such as creating a user, whose home directory is/home/user

/dev: Special files for stored devices

/etc: stored system Management and system configuration files

/lib: Dynamic Link Shared library, programming library

/sbin: System administration commands, which are stored in the hypervisor used by the system administrator

/tmp: Common Temporary files

/usr: application and file directory

/root: Super Administrator's home directory

Second, the Linux file system:

What is a file system?

The file system is how the data is managed. For example, a warehouse, where you want to put a lot of things, these things you need to partition first, and then in a certain order to store things. This orderly arrangement is called the FileSystem in the operating system.

Common file systems for Windows are: Ntfs,fat,fat32

Linux common file systems are: EXT4 (RHEL6 Default file System), XFS (THEL7 default file system)

Third, the Linux disk partition format:

650) this.width=650; "Src=" Https://s5.51cto.com/oss/201710/30/6e89106ca456a9248af4b192dbe467d7.png-wh_500x0-wm_3 -wmp_4-s_3129070414.png "title=" Linuxnsd_v01adminday01_023.png "alt=" 6e89106ca456a9248af4b192dbe467d7.png-wh_ "/ >

All of the disk information is stored in/dev. The interface of the hard disk is divided into: IDE and SCSI two kinds.

HD: The corresponding IDE hard drive . SD: The corresponding SCSI hard disk.

If you have more than one hard drive, it is followed by A-Z. The last number represents the partition.

Note:-Linux uses MBR partition mode.

-MBR can only be divided into 4 primary partitions, or 3 primary partitions + one extended partition (n logical partitions, the extended partition is partitioned into logical partitions).

-Extended partition is the partition sequence number is 4

-From 5 onwards it is called the first logical partition.

- View disk status command:fdisk-l

The SDA5 in the figure represents the first logical partition of the first hard disk under the SCSI interface.

Iv. the color of the file indicates:

in Linux, there are a lot of colors. What types of files do these colors represent?      

Green: A program that represents an executable file that can be executed

Blue: Indicates directory

White: Indicates ordinary files, such as text files, configuration files, source files, etc.

Light blue (cyan): Represents a linked file (shortcut)

Yellow: Indicates device file

Red: Indicates a compressed file or package file

Red: There is a problem with the linked file

Gray: Indicates other files

Today Xiao Xiao talk about here, next time will bring you some basic common commands.

This article is from the "13389285" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://13399285.blog.51cto.com/13389285/1977583

Linux Cloud Base File system