Linux Foundation Part1

Linux Basic Part One

I. INTRODUCTION of Linux

1. Mastering the definition of Linux: Linux is a free-to-use and free-spread UNIX-like operating system, a POSIX and UNIX-based multi-user, multitasking, multi-threaded and multi-CPU operating system.

2. Master the main purpose of Linux operating system: Mainly used for servers, especially network servers.
3. Master Two Common desktop environments: KDE and GNOME.

Ii. Login and Exit Linux
1. Mastering the command to shut down the Linux system: Init 0
2. What is Linux terminal: Linux terminal is also called Virtual Console. The Linux terminal uses the character command line method to work, the user through the keyboard input command, through the Linux terminal to control the system.
3. Master the method of switching virtual Terminal: Ctrl+alt+f[1~6], if you want to switch to the second virtual terminal, press CTRL+ALT+F2 at the same time
4. General user Login After the system prompt: $
5. Master the system prompt after the root user login: #

Third, the Linux command

Format of the 1.Linux command: Command "Options" "Parameters"

2.whoami: Its role lists the user name (account number) that is used to log on to the Linux system.

3.who: Its role lists which users are currently working on the system.

4.data: Its function displays the current date and time of the system.

5.cal: Its function shows the calendar of a month.

6.clear: The function is to clear the screen and ctrl+l clear screen shortcut keys like

7.SU: Its role is to switch from the current user to another specified user.

8.PASSWD: Its role is to modify the user's password

9.LS: The LS command lists the contents of the directory

10.pwd and CD: Use PWD and CD commands to identify and switch directories

11.CP: The function is to use CP to copy files or folders

12.mkdir: The role is to create a folder

13.touch: Its role is to create files

14.MV: Its role is to move files or directories

Iv. Browse and function of file directory

1. In a Linux or Unix operating system, all files and directories are organized into an inverted tree structure starting with the root node.

2. Bin directory: Used to store common executable files

3.sbin Directory: The executable file used to store the system (only for super users)

4. Directory: Used to store users ' own files or directories, in which the home directory of Superuser Root is/root, while the normal user's home directory is stored in the/home directory, and the user name is used as the name of the last level directory (family directory)

5.dev Catalog: Device Files Directory

6.ETC Catalog: Configuration file directory

7. Mount point (Directory): Typically removable hardware is mounted under the/media or/mnt directory

Linux Foundation Part1