Linux Primary Learning Note II: Linux operating system and common commands _mkdir_rm_touch_stat_tree, folder operation, file directory use, folder expansion! (Video serial number: 02_3)

File system:

Rootfs: Root file system:

Fhs:linux

/boot: System boot related files, such as kernel, INITRD, and Grub (bootloader)

/dev: Device files

Device files:

Block devices: Random access, data blocks

Character Devices: Linear access, by character

Device number: Main device number (major) and secondary device number (minor)

/etc: Configuration file

Home directory for users, the home directory of each user is usually the default of/home/username

/root: Administrator's home directory;

/lib: library file

Static Library,. A

Dynamic libraries,. dll,. So (Shared object)//Share objects

/lib/modules: Kernel module files

/media: mount point directory, mobile device

/MNT: mount point directory, additional temporary file system

/OPT: Optional directory, installation directory for third-party programs

/proc: Pseudo file system, kernel mapping file

/sys: Pseudo file system, property mapping file related to hardware device

/tmp: Temp file,/var/tmp

/var: a variable file

/bin: Executable file, user command

/sbin: Managing Commands

Special files:

/usr:shared, read-only Global shared read-only file

/usr/bin

/usr/sbin

/usr/lib

/usr/local: Directory of third-party software installations (not required)

/usr/local/bin

/usr/local/sbin

/usr/local/lib

Naming rules for files:

1, the length can not exceed 255 characters;

2. Cannot use/when file name

3. Strictly case-sensitive

Relative path: Relative to the current location of the file lookup path or file reference path;

Absolute path: A file lookup or reference path starting from a more directory;

Linux Main operations

File Management

Directory Management

Run the program

Device Management

Process Management

Network management

Directory Management

Ls

Cd

Pwd

Tree: Check the directory tree under the current file to install it yourself (yum install tree)

mkdir Creating an empty directory recursively

-P:

-v:verbose: More information

-PV: Show details about the creation process

Practice:

/mnt/test/x/m,y

mkdir-pv/mnt/test/x/m/mnt/test/y

Mkdir-pv/mnt/test/{x/m,y}

Command line expansion:

/mnt/test2/

A_b, A_c, D_b, D_c

(a+d) (b+c) =AB+AC+DB+DC

{A,d}_{b,c}

RmDir (remove directory): Delete empty directory

-P: Recursive delete empty directory: not empty directory deleted

File creation and deletion

# Touch: Timestamp for modifying a file

-A: Change access time only

-M: Change the modification time only

-T: Specify the time of the file to a certain time (change the file's modification time to a certain time in the past: Touch–m–t file name)

-C,--no-creat: Do not create any files

Access: Accessing Time

Modify: Modification Time

Change: Changing Time

# Stat: Displays status information for a file or file system

To create a file, you can use the file editor (a Linux-brought text editor: Nano)

RM: Deleting files

-I: Interactive (general user will not prompt, only administrator user will be prompted)

-F: Forcibly removed

-R: Recursively delete all files in this directory

RM-RF: Recursively deletes all files under the directory and does not prompt

RM-RF/: Recursively deletes the root directory and all of its files without prompting

Practice:

1. Create a Directory

(1) Create boot and sysroot under/mnt;

(2) Create grub under/mnt/boot;

(3) Create proc, sys, bin, sbin, lib, usr, var, etc, Dev, home, Root, tmp under/mnt/sysroot

A) under/MNT/SYSROOT/USR, create Bin, Sbin, Lib

b) Create the modules under/mnt/sysroot/lib

c) Create run, log, lock under/mnt/sysroot/var

d) Create a init.d under/MNT/SYSROOT/ETC

Linux Primary Learning Note II: Linux operating system and common commands _mkdir_rm_touch_stat_tree, folder operation, file directory use, folder expansion! (Video serial number: 02_3)