Linux Small white Primer One

1. Basic concept of operating system
1.1. The relationship between Windows and Linux
Current major operating systems: Windows, Android, IOS, Symbian, Linux/unix
Windows: Fool-style, good learning, low salary
Linux:linux that every user is a professional,
Operation Trouble, learning more difficult, free, open source, Linux performance is good, good portability, good design concept
Android: Mobile OS, Android based Linux
IOS: Very good, creative, tightrope walking
Embedded operating system: Linux + WinCE
Current: Consumer electronics Android, Industrial Linux

1.2. Multi-machine development: Dual system and Virtual machine
Developing embedded programs requires a Linux environment. But because: there are many very useful software in Windows, such as notepad++
Sourceinsight, so you also need windows.
Requires both Windows and Linux.
The first type: Dual system inconvenient
The second type: Virtual machine convenience, loss of performance, and
Real Machine Small Difference
The third type: two computers: Inconvenient
In reality:
Personal Developer: Virtual machine
Large Company: Server + Client

1.3, build the development environment
Two things involved: virtual machine software +linux system
Virtual machine Software: is a simple software running in Windows, with Word, 360 no essential difference. Now the mainstream virtual machine software has VMware and VirtualBox
The virtual machine software runs in the Windows system, and after it runs it simulates a computer, so it's called a virtual machine. Then we can install the other operating system in the virtual machine.
Currently, you can first use the pre-installed Aston_ubuntu, the password is root. Your own online search installation tutorial.

1.4. Hidden files and non-hidden files
Windows: File hidden with not hidden by the settings file properties implemented, you can click the file, right button properties, select the Check Hide option to set the file as hidden file. View hidden files in Windows Method: Menu bar tools, Folder Options, view-Show All Files
and folders.
Linux: Hidden files in Linux feature file names that begin with. View hidden files in Linux with the ls-a command (normal display LS)

1.5. Relative path and absolute path (very important)
What is a path: a path is used to identify where a file is stored in the operating system's file system. Pathname
Example:
D:\WINSHARE\ENUM.C Full Path pathname
D:\winshare Path
ENUM.C File name Name

Absolute path: The path starts from an absolute position. For example, starting with a certain drive letter in Windows (c \), Linux from the root directory/start
Relative path: When the path is indicated, it starts at the current location.

Example:
D:\ My Documents \123\123.txt
D:\ My Documents \abc\abc.txt
Currently in 123.txt, but going to abc.txt
Mode 1: Use absolute path. D:\ My Documents \abc\abc.txt
Mode 2: Adopt relative path ... /abc/abc.txt
Start at the current path, go up one level, and then go down one level (ABC).

Linux Small white Primer One