Linux study note _ 11_detail Linux network settings (I)

Linux network settings (on)

I. Internet addressing Process

1. Comparison of TCP/IP and OSI Reference Models

TCP/IP physical layer: Nic OSI physical layer: Nic

OSI data link layer: MAC address

Network Layer: IP, ICMP, ARP

Transport Layer: TCP, UDP

TCP/IP application layer: SSH, Apache OSI Session Layer: client-server

OSI presentation layer: Data Encryption and Compression

OSI Application Layer: SSH, Apache, and other practical applications

2. Internet addressing Process

1) MAC address

Dc: 0e: a1: D5: 8a: b2 [hardware address: 68-bit, 6-segment, hexadecimal writing]

Vendor ID: Nic ID

Linux: ifconfig eth0 Windows: ipconfig/all

Working at the data link layer

2) IP Address

192.168.14.127 [IPv4: 32-bit, 4-segment, 10-digit writing]

[IPv6: 128-bit, Hex writing]

Work at the network layer

Extended: DOS attacks SYNFLOOD

TCP: reliable, three-way handshake (breakpoint re-transmission, timer) [two military issues] [point-to-point]Full Duplex/Ticket/half duplex

UDP: fast, such as QQ, audio/video sharing websites

3) FQHN-complete computer name

Domain name level service structure

[There are 13 groups of root domain servers worldwide]

Www.sdust.cn.

Host name [www]. Second-level domain [sdust]. top-level domain [. cn]. Root Domain 【.]

Work at Application Layer

4) ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ARP parsing process

Arp-a # view the ARP cache table

Arp-d IP address # Delete ARP records

Arp-s IP address MAC address # Add ARP Static Records [add with caution]

5) RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol

Know your MAC address and ask your IP address

Appendix: If host A accesses the WebServer on port 80 of host B, the port on host A should be A high port randomly allocated over 1024.