Linux Systems and commands

a system Architecture of Linux

Everything in Linux is a file .

These files are at the top of the system directory "/" / is the root directory

/ directory Below is a level two directory these directories are automatically created when the system is installed

The role of the secondary directory

/bin # # binary executable file is a system command

/sbin # # System Management Command storage location

/Boot # # boot partition, responsible for system startup

/dev # # device Management files

/etc # # Most system administration files

home directory for normal users

/lib # #32 -bit system library file storage location

/LIB64 # #64 -bit system library file storage location

/media # # system temporary device mount point

/MNT # # system temporary device mount point

/run # # system temporary device mount point

/OPT # # third-party software installation location

/proc # # System Information

/root # # Super User home directory

/srv,/var # # System Data

/sys # # System Management, mainly about the kernel

/tmp # # system temporary file storage location

/usr # # system User-related information data and user-defined software storage location

two management of files

1) creation of files and directories

Touch + filename

A reminder is that you can use "{}" in the middle of the two "." instead of three,

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mkdir + filename ( the established directory cannot have spaces between the paths )

-P Parent directory does not exist automatically established

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1) Delete Files

Rm-f forcibly removed without prompting

-R Delete directory

all of these parameters in Linux can be written together.

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2) vim text mode edit File

Vim filename goes into command mode , Command mode cannot edit the file, if you want to edit the insert mode

Press "I" to enter insert mode

If you are finished editing, press "ESC" to eject the insert mode and enter ":wq" to Save the exit

can also be used! q Force quit does not save,

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Vim filename If the file name does not exist, it will be created automatically

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4) switch work environment CD command : represents a parent directory . represents the current directory

CD-# # switch working directory to previous directory

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CD ~ # # Switch to your home directory

CD ~usernmae # # switch to the specified user home directory

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Cd.. # # go to the parent directory of the current directory

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5)MV(MV of the same disk is renamed, the MV of different disks is the copy deletion process)

in the bottom of the picture I made a very low-level error caused file2 and File3 did not succeed, come out for everyone to enjoy

the right way for MV +filename + target

MV file File1 direcotry # # Move file file1 into directory

MV exists file does not exist file # # Rename file

MV Westos/linux. # # move Linux in Westos to the current directory . "Previous directory

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6)cp file Copy command

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7) LS lists directory or file information

LS direcory|filename # # list file or directory contents

Ls-ld Directory # # # Lists the properties of the catalog itself

Ls-r the contents of the directory ( note that the file~ file represents hidden, although not visible, but can be viewed through the LS command )

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Ls–a Displays all content in the directory, including the "." hidden files at the beginning

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Ls-l filename|dorectory Lists the properties of the contents of a file or directory

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ls-d direcotry List the directory itself

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Ls If there is no target behind then the default target is the current directory

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8) Regular Expressions

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* Match 0 to any character

? match a single character

[[: Alpha:]] match a single letter

[[: Lower:]] match a single lowercase letter

[[: Upper:]] match a single uppercase letter

[[:d Igit:]] match a single number

[[: Alnum:]] match a single number or letter

[[:p UNCT:]] match a single symbol

[[: Space:]] match a single space

{} indicates a nonexistent or existing

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{1..9} # # #1-9

{A.. F} # # #a-F

{1,3,5} # # #135

{a,c,e} # # #ac E

{1..3} {A.. c}## #1a 2a 3a 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 3c

[] indicates the existence of the

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[A-c] # # #aAbB CC

[A-c] # # #aA or BB or C

[1-3] # # #1 or 2 or 3

[145] # # #1 or 4 or 5

[^abc]| [!ABC] # # # except for a and b and except C

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Linux Systems and commands