[Linux/ubuntu] Mounting system

[Linux/ubuntu] Mounting system

Some column preparation is required before the system is installed.
First of all, although I have retained the WIN10 system (i.e. dual system) while installing Ubuntu, the method is generic.

Preparatory work

首先预留一定空间给即将安装的Ubuntu系统。可以用分区工具调整出一个空闲分区。我为了省麻烦，直接手动格式化了一个小盘。其实也不是一定要在win下进行格式化准备，只是提前备份好文件，然后准备将某个块作为空闲分区。大概完成备份的工作就好，至于格式化过程，也可以在安装Ubuntu选择挂载时进行。

Step One:

选择合适的Ubuntu系统镜像：[官网桌面版](http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop)我下载的版本是16.04TLS，版本虽然不同但安装过程大同小异。PS：注意32位和64位的选择。

Step Two:

下载合适的镜像U盘写入工具，我使用的是[win32diskimager](http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/files/)。也可以使用其他工具,例如ultraiso，百度关键字[U盘启动工具]可以找到相关的应用。一般都很傻瓜化，简单易用。使用工具，将刚才下载的镜像写入U盘，制作成启动盘。

Step Three:

重启电脑，按F2进入BIOS模式：A.方向键选择到"configuration"表，将"sata controller"调成compatibleB.方向键选择到"boot"表，将"USB Boot"设定成"Enabled"，这样就开启了USB启动C.在"boot"表页，将"USB Boot"的顺序调整到"Windows Boot"上面，保证优先从U盘启动D.按F10保存所有设置并重启E.重启时，按F12进入boot选择界面，选择USB启动(理论上如果子步骤C操作正确，这一步是可选的)

The above steps are sufficient for a computer that traditionally uses BIOS booting.
However, many machines are currently set to "UEFI" mode by default in order to support fast boot.
For both of these modes, you can understand this:

• Computer booting with BIOS, the approximate start-up process is: Turn on BIOS initialization->bios, boot operating system, enter the system, display the desktop;
• For computers that use UEFI boot, the approximate startup process is: UEFI initialization, boot operating system, enter the system, display the desktop.

Compared to the two processes, UEFI boot eliminates the self-test process, so it increases the system boot speed, which is why more and more computers use it as the default setting.

Then, if you find that boot Mode is "UEFI" in the "boot" table, you need to set it to "legacy support",
If there is a "Boot priority" option, set it to "Legacy first"

Step Four:

After booting the USB stick, you can choose whether to install Ubuntu immediately or just a USB flash drive to experience Ubuntu quickly.
It is recommended to choose a quick experience, first of all, after entering the system can also choose to start the installation.
Once you have successfully logged in to your system, you will see the installer installed on your desktop.

Step Five:

Start the installation program, most of the options are very simple to understand, then did not save, I believe that everyone can take care of.
There is a very important partitioning step, which may be recorded here.
In general, we need to divide these areas into a preliminary:

• Swap space: approx. 2G or so, mount select "Swap space"
• Root directory space: can be larger, mount Select "/"
• Home space: Here to store the various user documentation video audio files (somewhat similar to my document), can also be larger, mount Select "/Home"
• User space: Here to store users ' application files, generally as large as possible, mount select "/user"

The problem of partitioning seems to be a large controllable space and can be adjusted as needed.
There are many posts on the web that discuss specific partition sizes, and I was eager to install the system without detailed details.

PS: For what is "mount", simply put, under the Linux directory is just a guide to a space, the space attached to a directory is meant to establish the path to the corresponding space relationship. This is slightly different from windows. For more information, please first understand the "Linux file System" and search "Linux mount", I believe there are many detailed explanations of the post.

Step Six:

Wait for the installation to complete and enter the system.
Aw, it's done!
Happy first, and then accidentally found that I did not install the wireless card driver (heart 10,000 grass mud horse ran).
In other words, I can't surf the internet by connecting to the wireless network, which is simply teasing me.
After a few searches found that some versions will automatically install the wireless card driver, some will not, may be related to the network card driver type.
Regardless, Baidu's.
There are probably two types of solutions:

• Manually to the official website to download the corresponding version of the driver's wireless network (usually need to unzip the compilation and then install), and then install according to the instructions, the process is complex, error prone;
• Easy to use with the "Apt-get" command installed on the tall 666

OK, I admit that I was the first manual to download the driver, self-compiled to install themselves, failed for a long time, not seen the effect.
Anger, with the command installed.
The commands involved:

sudo lshw-c network
Lspci | grep Network
Uname-r
sudo apt-get install linux-headers- uname -r dkms build-essential Bcmwl-kernel-source

Here are some of the orders that have been made:

1. sudo lshw-c network View hardware configuration information (parameter-c network indicates the need to view network card information)
   Generally, two card information is output: wired and wireless, via "description" and "Product" You can determine the type and model of the network card;
2. Lspci | grep Network to view the device information connected to the PCI bus (the parameter network indicates the View network card device)
3. uname-r Note: This is not what you enter this command, but when you enter "Lspci." After that, the panel will have output (for example, I input 2 of the instructions, the panel output is -4.4.0-21-generic), copy these contents, reserved for later use;

4. sudo apt-get install linux-headers- uname-r dkms build-essential bcmwl-kernel-source haha, here's uname- R to replace powertrain only you copy the content, such as combining the output, then I should enter is: sudo apt-get install linux-headers-4.4.0-21-generic dkms build-essential Bcmwl-kernel-source

   And so on, you can find the top right corner of the desktop display network connection can search the WiFi signal!

   If you encounter the prompt "Unable to locate package dkms" or "Cannot locate package Bcmwl-kernel-source", there may be a problem with the source of the current software updater. Popular Science Ah, I understand the "source" means that the Linux update download software when access to the resource address. So if you encounter an issue that cannot be located, you can resolve it by trying to change the source.

Method of source change: Open "System Settings", select "Software and Updates", "Ubuntu Software" page under "Download from ..." The source address is specified here and can be changed to another try.
I then opened, directly selected the "Select the best Server", and then let the system to help me filter out a, seemingly "Aliyun" source, a good look. (as a rookie of me, to kneel down)
After the source is replaced, a round of updates will be made.
Of course, after the replacement can be re-try the instructions in 4, if you are still prompted not to locate the package, then continue to change. I succeeded at once, so far.

Once the installation is successful, you can connect wirelessly.

[Linux/ubuntu] Mounting system