MVC uses Spring. Net application IOC (dependency inversion) learning notes 3, spring. netioc

MVC uses Spring. Net application IOC (dependency inversion) learning notes 3, spring. netioc

Now, we have basically set up the project framework, but there is still a problem in the project, that is, although the layer and layer use interfaces for isolation, but when instantiating interfaces, introduce the interface implementation class dependency, as shown in the following code:

private IUserService _userService;private IUserService UserService{ get { return _userService ?? (_userService = new UserService()); } set { _userService = value; }}

For interface-oriented programming, the Controller should only rely on the site service layer interface, rather than the specific implementation. Otherwise, it violates the original intention of setting interfaces between layers.

In addition, if the upper layer only depends on the lower layer interface, you can use Moq, Fakes, and other Mock tools to simulate interface implementation as needed during unit testing, you can flexibly control the return values of interfaces to test various situations. If you rely on specific implementations, the project's testability will be greatly reduced, making it difficult to conduct automated unit tests.

Instead of depending on the specific implementation, you cannot use the common T = new t () method to obtain a class instance. You need to use the IOC container to perform object lifecycle, dependency and so on for unified management. Here, we will use Spring. net application IOC.

Use of Spring. Net in console programs

We will use a simple console example to demonstrate how to use Spring. Net.

Create a test class:

Namespace SpringNetDemo {public interface IClass {string Name {get; set;} Student Monitor {get; set;} string GetMsg ();} public class Class: IClass {public string Name {get; set;} public Student Monitor {get; set;} public string GetMsg () {return "Class Name:" + Name + ", class leader: "+ Monitor. name ;}} public class Student {public string Name {get; set ;}}}

There are two classes, one interface. The Student Class has a property of the string type, which is Name. In the Class, besides the Name attribute of the string type, there is also a Monitor attribute of the Student type, the GetMsg method returns the description of the current Class object, including the Class name and the Class leader name. Class implements the IClass interface.

Perform a simple test first:

IClass c6 = new Class () {Monitor = new Student () {Name = "Li "}, Name = "Class 6"}; Console. writeLine (c6.GetMsg (); Console. readKey ();

Output:

Next, we use the Spring. Net container to declare the object.

1. First reference the dll file

Common. Logging. dll, a Logging component used by Spring. Core. dll and Spring. Net, is required.

2. Then we need to know the current Assembly name and namespace.

3. Create an xml file named services. xml in the project:

<? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <Objects xmlns = "http://www.springframework.net"> <description> An example that demonstrates simple IoC features. </description> <object name = "Class" type = "SpringNetDemo. class, springNetDemo "> <property name =" Name "value =" "/> <property name =" Monitor "ref =" Student "/> </object> <object name =" student "type =" SpringNetDemo. student, SpringNetDemo "> <property name =" Name "value =" "/> </object> </objects>

Create an objects root node in xml, and add the object subnodes to be generated by the container. In the type attribute of the object subnode, specify the full name (with assembly) of the class and the current namespace, if you need to assign a default value to the attributes of the current class, you can add a property node to the object node and configure its value attribute to assign an initial value to the attributes of the class, if the class property is still another class object, you can create an object node of this type and give it the name attribute. Then, you can set the ref attribute in the property node of the current property, point to the name attribute of the newly added object node.

Note:Set the xml file to "copy if new" or "always copy". Otherwise, the file will not be automatically copied to the program directory during generation.

4. Configure the Spring. Net information in the application configuration file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration> <configSections> <sectionGroup name="spring">  <section name="context" type="Spring.Context.Support.ContextHandler, Spring.Core"/>  <section name="objects" type="Spring.Context.Support.DefaultSectionHandler, Spring.Core" /> </sectionGroup> </configSections> <spring> <context>  <resource uri="file://services.xml"/> </context> </spring></configuration>

Run the program to obtain the output result:

Successful implementation of IOC

Use of Spring. Net in ASP. NET MVC

The method is similar to that in the console program.

1. Similarly, first import the dll file

In the MVC project, there are a few dll files to be referenced. Five dll files are required. In addition to two valuable dll files, three Web-related dll files are required.

2. For ease of management, create a Config folder in the directory of the MVC project to save the configuration file and create two xml files.

Controllers. xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><objects xmlns="http://www.springframework.net">、 <object type="PMS.WebApp.Controllers.UserController , PMS.WebApp" singleton="false" > <property name="UserService" ref="UserService" /> </object></objects>

Services. xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><objects xmlns="http://www.springframework.net"> <object name="UserService" type="PMS.BLL.UserService, PMS.BLL" singleton="false" > </object></objects>

For convenience of management, the Controller and business class are saved in two files. The Node rules in the file are identical to those in the console example.

3. Modify the Web. config configuration file

Add the sectionGrup node to the configSections node of the configuration file, add the Spring node to the configuration node, and use the resource node in the context node of the spring node to set the path of the configuration file.

4. Modify the Global File

Modify the Global. asax file in the root directory and change the parent class of the MvcApplication class from HttpApplication to SpringMvcApplication.

Copy codeThe Code is as follows: public class MvcApplication: SpringMvcApplication // HttpApplication

5. Finally, modify the code in the original controller to successfully implement IOC using Spring. Net in the MVC project.

//private IUserService _userService;//private IUserService UserService//{// get { return _userService ?? (_userService = new UserService()); }// set { _userService = value; }//}private IUserService UserService { get; set; }

The above is all the content of this article. I hope it will be helpful for your learning and support for helping customers.