Python provides a library of multiple graphical development interfaces, several common Python GUI libraries are as follows:
- Tkinter: The Tkinter module ("Tk interface") is the interface of Python's standard TK GUI toolkit. TK and Tkinter can be used on most Unix platforms, and can also be applied to Windows and Macintosh systems. Subsequent versions of Tk8.0 can be implemented in a native window style and run well on most platforms.
- WxPython:WxPython is an open source software, a good set of GUI graphics libraries in the Python language, allowing Python programmers to easily create complete GUI user interfaces with full function keys.
- Jython: The Jython program can be seamlessly integrated with Java. In addition to some standard modules, Jython uses Java modules. Jython has almost all the modules in the standard Python that do not depend on the C language. For example, Jython's user interface will use SWING,AWT or SWT. Jython can be dynamically or statically compiled into Java bytecode.
Tkinter programming
Tkinter is the standard GUI library for Python. Python uses Tkinter to quickly create GUI applications.
Since Tkinter is built into Python's installation package, as long as Python is installed to import the Tkinter library, and Idle is also written in Tkinter, for a simple graphical interface tkinter can handle it.
Create a GUI program
- 1. Import Tkinter Module
- 2. Create a control
- 3. Specify the master of this control, that is, which one of the controls belongs to
- 4. Tell GM (geometry manager) that a control has been generated.
Instance:
1 # !/usr/bin/python 2 # -*-coding:utf-8-*- 3 4 Import Tkinter 5 top = tkinter.tk ()6# Enter message loop 7 top.mainloop ()
Example 2:
1 #!/usr/bin/python2 #-*-coding:utf-8-*-3 4 fromTkinterImport*#Import Tkinter Library5root = Tk ()#Create a background color for a Window object6 #Create a list of two7Li = ['C','python','PHP','HTML','SQL','Java']8Movie = ['CSS','JQuery','Bootstrap']9Listb = Listbox (Root)#Create two list componentsTenLISTB2 =Listbox (Root) One forIteminchLi#The first widget inserts a data A Listb.insert (0,item) - - forIteminchMovie#The second widget inserts data the Listb2.insert (0,item) - -Listb.pack ()#Place the widget in the main window - Listb2.pack () +Root.mainloop ()#Enter the message loop
Tkinter components
Tkinter provides a variety of controls, such as buttons, labels and text boxes, used in a GUI application. These controls are often referred to as controls or parts.
There are currently 15 types of tkinter components. We present these parts as well as a brief introduction in the following table:
Control |
Description |
Button |
Button control; Displays the button in the program. |
Canvas |
A canvas control; display graphic elements such as lines or text |
Checkbutton |
Multi-box control; for providing multiple selection boxes in a program |
Entry |
Input controls for displaying simple text content |
Frame |
A frame control that displays a rectangular area on the screen and is used as a container |
Label |
Label control; can display text and bitmaps |
Listbox |
A list box control; a ListBox widget is used to display a list of strings to the user |
Menubutton |
The menu button control, because the menu item is displayed. |
Menu |
Menu controls, display menu bars, drop-down menus, and pop-up menus |
Message |
Message control: Used to display multiple lines of text, similar to label |
Radiobutton |
radio button control; Displays a single-selected button state |
Scale |
A range control that displays a numeric scale that is a range of numbers for the output limit |
Scrollbar |
A scrollbar control that is used when the content exceeds a visual area, such as a list box ... |
Text |
Text control; for displaying multiple lines of text |
TopLevel |
A container control that provides a separate dialog box, similar to a frame |
Spinbox |
Input controls, similar to entry, but can specify input range values |
Panedwindow |
Panedwindow is a window layout-managed plug-in that can contain one or more child controls. |
Labelframe |
Labelframe is a simple container control. Commonly used with complex window layouts. |
Tkmessagebox |
A message box to display your application. |
Standard properties
Standard properties are common properties of all controls, such as size, font, color, and so on.
Property |
Describe |
Dimension |
Control size; |
Color |
Control color; |
Font |
control font; |
Anchor |
Anchor Point; |
Relief |
control style; |
Bitmap |
Bitmap |
Cursor |
Cursor |
Geometry Management
The Tkinter control has a specific geometry state management method that manages the entire control area organization, which is the Tkinter exposed Geometry Management class: Package, grid, location
Geometrical methods |
Describe |
Pack () |
Packaging |
Grid () |
Grid |
Place () |
Position |
Python Graphical (Tkinter)