Selenium-webdriver Simple Tutorial

Selenium/webdriver can be installed by Selenium-webdriver.gem package in Ruby Environment

Gem install selenium-webdriver

supports languages and versions with Ruby 1.8.7~1.9.2,jrbuy and rubinius

Selenium-webdriver contains selenium-client, while reading, be aware that their two namespaces are in two different APIs:

1.selenium::webdriver-webdrver API

2. Selenium::client-selenium RC Api 

webdrver API is inherited from Selenium RC API, so it is not necessary to spend a lot of time in the Selenium RC API,  we can directly from Selenium::

Webdriver starts and revolves around two big classes: Seleniu::webdriver:driver and Selenium::webdriver::element, which are the portals of the entire Webdriver API.  

API Example: 

A simple example: 

Require "selenium-webdriver"  

driver = selenium::webdriver.for:firefox

driver.navigate.to " http://www.google.com.hk "

element = driver.find_element (: name, ' Q ') 

Element.send_keys" Hello Webdriver " 

Element.submit 

puts Driver.title 

driver.quit 

driver Example:

# application Javascript

puts driver.execute_script (" Return window.location.pathname ")

# using Ruby and JS to get elements 

element = Driver.execut_script (" Return document.body ") 

Driver.execut_script ("Return Arguments[0].tagname", Element) #=> "BODY"

# wait for some special element to appear 

wait = Selenium:: Webdriver::wait.new (: timeout=>10) # SeconDs

wait.until{driver.find_element (: ID, "foo")}

# Note: Wait at new, you can set three values: timeout (default 5 seconds),: message (Default nil),: Interval ( Default 0.5)

# select Frame

driver.switch_to.frame "Some-frame" # Name or Id

driver.switch_to.frame driver.find_element (: ID, ' Some-frame ') # frame

# Note: Switch_to method can not only select frame, but also handle window,alert,comfirmation and other Windows

# Select Back to main window

driver.swith_ to.default_content

element Example:

# Gets the element attribute

class_name = Element.attr

ibute ("class")

# Determines whether the element is displayed

element.displayed ?

# gets the relative coordinate position of the element on the page

element.location

element.location.x

element.location.y

# scrolls the element to the location where the video can be displayed. Return the relative coordinates of the element element.location_once_scrolled_into_view

# get the width and height of the element

element.size

# in the element input empty, see Selenium:: Webdriver::keys input value

Element.send_keys:space

element.send_keys "Tet",: Arrow_left, "s" #=> "test", first enter Tet, and then enter the left ARROW key, Enter S

element.send_keys [: Control, ' a '], "1" #=> "1", enter Crtl+a first, and then enter 1

# to get the element text

element.text

More advanced usage (see Actionbuilder)

Driver.action.key_down (: Shift). Click (. Double_click (second_element). KEY_UP (: Shift ). DraG_and_drop (element,third_element) .perform

 How to start the Chrome browser

 1. Download Chromedriver and run,

 2. Start Chromedriver = selenium::webdriver.for:remote,:url=> "http://localhost:9515" driver.get "/HTTP/ WWW.GOOGLE.COM.HK "other operations.  

 If this feels more troublesome, you can load the downloaded Chromedriver.exe path into the environment variable, you can use

 the driver = selenium::webdriver.for:chrome

 Chrome Personalization Boot

profile = selenium::webdriver::chrome::P rofile.new

profile[' download.prompt_for_download ') = false

profile[' download.default_directory ' = "d:/download"

driver = selenium::webdriver.for:chrome,:p rofile= >profile

remote application Romtewebdriver can control the browser to run on different machines, download Selenium-server-standlone-x.xx.x.

jarjava-jar Selenium-server-standalone.jar ' Start service

driver = selenium::webdriver.for:remote

By default, the service can be started running on localhost : 4444, and open Firefox. If you want to connect to a service on another machine, you can use: URL option

Driver = selenium::webdriver.for:remote,:url=> "Http://remoteserver:44444/wd/hub"

This machine does not add/wd/hub, but the remote must add

start other browsers, with: desired_capabilities option

Driver = Selenium::webdriver.for:remote, Example of the:d esired_capabilities=>:chrome

selenium::webdriver::remote::capabilities

require " Selenium-webdriver "

Include selenium caps = webdriver::remote::capabilities.htmlunit:javascript_enabled=> Truedriver = WebDriver.for:remote,:d esired_capalibities=>caps

to modify the port number of the remote service, only Firefox is currently supported

include selenium

caps = webdriver::remote::capabilities.firefox

(:p roxy=>webdriver::P roxy.new ( :http=> "myproxyaddress:8888")) 

Driver = WebDriver.for:remote,:d esired_capalibities=>caps

If it is a remotely remote service

include selenium client = webdriver::remote::http::D efault.new

 client.proxy = proxy.new:http=> "proxy.org:8888"

 Driver = WebDriver.for:remote,:http_client=>client

 Firefox

 plus extension plug-in when using Firefox, often use Firebug to view, start Firefox with firebug

include selenium

 profile = Webdriver::firefox:: Profile.new

profile.add_extension "Path/firebug.xpi"  driver = Web

Driver.for:firefox,:p rofile=>profile

 using a profile that already exists

Using a profile template that already exists, you can save it with Firefox-profilemanger (this command appears useless on FF8 and further validates)  driver = Selenium:: WebDriver.for:firefox,:p rofile=> "My_existing_profile"

if you want to use the default profile, you can:p rofile=> "default"

Alternatively, you can use the profile instance to work with existing and custom profiles. This method cannot modify a profile that already exists and can only be used under webdriver

default_profile = Selenium::webdriver::firdfox::P rofile.from_name " Default "

default_profile.native_events = True

driver = Selenium::webdriver.for:firefox,:p rofile=>default_ profile

Export Firefox profile see the "Firefox 8 export profiles"

firefox Personalization

 port number

 Selenium::webdriver::firefox:: profile.new

profile[' browser.download.dir ' = ' d:\download '

profile[' browser.download.folderlist '] = 2

profile[' Browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk '] = "application/pdf"

  driver = Selenium::webdriver.for:firefox,: profile=>profile

  when booting with remote driver, Firefox can still be personalized

  profile = Selenium::webdriver::firfox:: profile.new

profile[' foo.bar ' = True

 capabilities = Selenium::webdriver::remote:: Capabilities.firefox:firefox_profile=>profile

driver = selenium::webdriver.fox:remote,:d esired_capabilities= >capabilities

set Firefox path

 when Firfox is not installed in the default path, set the installation path for Firefox

 Selenium::webdriver::firefox.path = "/path/to /firefox "# Firefox installation path

 driver = selenium::webdriver.for:firefox

   Local event local event under window is activated by default and can be set off: Profile = Selenium::webdriver::firefox::P rofile.newprofile.native_events = False # Close  driver = selenium::webdriver.for: Firefox,:p rofile=>profile  theoretically Linux supports local events, profile.native_events = true # Open

  The Opera

opera is also initiated using remote methods. Before you begin, download the Selenium-server-standalone-x.xx.x.jar and create a new environment variable SELENIUM_SERVER_JAR to the local system.

 Window:selenium_server_jar=. \server-standalone.jar

 liunx:export selenium_server_jar=path_to/server-standalone.jar

   Can be easily started with selenium::web

driver opera driver = selenium::web

driver.for:operadriver.navigate.to "http// Www.baidu.com "

 Timeouts

  implicit wait

 webdriver can set an implicit wait, so when you apply a #find_element anchor element, you wait for the element to appear until the NosuThe advent of Chelementerror.  driver = selenium::webdriver.for:firefoxdriver.manager.timeouts.implicit_wait = 3 # wait 3 seconds   Display waits can be instantiated with the wait class for some waiting conditions  

wait = Selenium::webdriver::wait.new (: timeout=>3) 

wait.until {driver.find_elenium (: Id=> "foo"). Displayed?}

  Internal Timeout

 Webdriver uses a large number of HTTP drivers (Jsonwireprotocol). Net::http is used as a standard library for Ruby, with a default timeout of 60 seconds. If you start a page with Webdriver#get that takes more than 60 seconds to load, you'll see Net::http's timeouterror error, and you can modify the timeout to change the default timeout length before starting the browser.

  client = selenium::webdriver::remote::http::D efault.new

client.titmeout = 120 # Set to 120 seconds

 Driver = Selenium:: WebDriver.for:temote,: Http_client=>client

 js pop-up box

 gets JS alert,prompt and comfirm pop-up windows are all with switch_to

   Require "selenium-webdriver"

  driver = selenium::webdriver.for:firefox

driver.navigate.to "http://mysite.com/ Page_with_alert.html "

 driver.find_element (: Name, ' Element_with_alert_javascript '). Click

a = Driver.switch_ To.alert

if A.text = = ' A value you is looking for '

   a.dismiss

else

  a.accept

end

   with curb or your own HTTP client

HTTP communication is used internally by default Net::http, if you have installed curb gem you can choose to do so

  require "selenium/webdriver/remot/http/curb"

 include selenium  client = Web

driver::remote::http::curb.new

driver = WebDriver.for:remote,: http_client=>client

Selenium-webdriver Simple Tutorial