Tutorial on installing and starting or disabling Oracle databases in Linux, linuxoracle

Tutorial on installing and starting or disabling Oracle databases in Linux, linuxoracle

1. preparation:

df -H

Check space remaining. Generally, prepare at least 5 GB

2. view the swap partition size

 du -sh /tmp/ 

Minimum 400 M

3. Create a user

groupadd dba -g 111groupadd oinstall -g 110useradd oracle -u -110 -g 110 -G 111passwd oracle --stdin

4. Set Parameters

su - oraclevi .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10gexport ORACLE_SID=orclPATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

5. Permissions

sumkdir /u01/oraclechown oracle:oinstall /u01/oracle/ -R

6. Modify system parameters

sysctl -a|grep sem|sed 's/32/100/2' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -a|grep ip_local|sed -e 's/32768/1024' -e 's/61/65/' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -a|grep rmem_d|sed 's/109568/262144' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -a|grep rmem_ma|sed 's/131071/262144' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -a|grep wmem_ma|sed 's/131071/262144' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -a|grep wmem_de|sed 's/109568/262144' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -a|grep file-m|sed 's/83702/65536' >> /etc/sysctl.confsysctl -p

7. Install

xhost +su - oracleruninstall

8. Problem Solving
Installation interface garbled
Orcale User:

 [oracle@~]$ export LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"

Version Problems
Modify the version in/etc/redhat-release to a lower version (Redhat 4.X)

Xhost + error
The simplest method is to log out of the current user and use the oracle user for logon and installation.

9. Start and close
Query the current status of the database:

>select OPEN_MODE from v$database;

Oracle not available ------- oracle does not start the instance oracle not mounted ------- oracle in nomount stage oracle mounted ------- oracle in mount stage oracle read write ------- oracle in open stage

9.1.sqlplus

Nomount --------------

>startup [force] [pfile=xxx] nomount;

Error Checking parameter file spfilesid. ora --- spfile. ora --- initsid. ora
View the used parameter file> show parameter spfile is started with spfile if it is not empty; otherwise, it is pfile.
Allocate memory
Record information to alert files and tracking files

#tail -f /u01/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.log

Start background processes
Check whether the database is started # ps-ef | grep ora _

[Set parameters for this phase]
[Startup restrict starts a restricted session and does not allow others to connect to the database]

Database loading stage

db mount ------------------ >alter database mount;

Associated database and current instance

Locate and open the specified control file in the parameter file
Control File

>show parameter control_file;

The read control file obtains the name and status of the data file and redo log file, but does not check whether the file exists.

[Physical database operations can be performed in this phase: alter database, create a database, delete a database, restore a database, name a data file, and enable disabled logs]

Open Database stage ---------------

 >alter database open;

Check whether data files and log files exist, whether to open them, and check Database Consistency.

Open Online data files and log files

[Perform operations on database data in this phase]

Database shutdown stage ---------------

>shutdown [normal|transactional|immediate|abort]

Write changes in the buffer zone to the cache and redo log entries in the buffer zone into the data file and online redo log files.

Disable data files and redo log files

Detach a database

Close Control File

Disable an instance

Close the alter file and tracking File

Sga recovery and background Process Termination

shutdown [normal|transactional|immediate|abort] 

Abort is not disabled for consistency.

9.2.dbstart & dbshut

In vi/etc/oratab, the last field of the database is Y, which can be controlled through dbstart and dbshut.

When the value of ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER in vi $ ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart is $ ORACLE_HOME, the listener is started.

Appendix: oracle startup

head -n 6 /etc/init.d/network >/etc/init.d/oracle10gvi /etc/init.d/oracle10g

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/10gif [ !-f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart ]thenecho "oracle cannot start"exitfiif [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl ]thenecho "lsnrctl cannot start"exitficase "$1" in'start')echo "starting oracle 10g ...."su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart"#su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole" ------>start oem;;'stop')echo "stopping oracle 10g ...."#su - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole" ------>stop oemsu - oracle -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut";;*)echo "usage $0: start|stop";;esac

chmod a+x /etc/init.d/oracle10gchkconfig oracle10g on

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