Debian-linux software Manager-dpkg + apt

Debian-linux software Manager-dpkg + apt 1.1dpkg Introduction "dpkg" is short for "Debian Package. A suite management system specially developed for Debian to facilitate software installation, update, and removal. Dpkg is the foundation of the Debian Software Package Manager, which was created by Ian Murdoch in 1993. Dpkg is similar to RPM and is also used to install, uninstall, and supply information related to the. deb software package. Dpkg is an underlying tool. Upper-layer tools, such as APT, are used to remotely obtain software packages and process complex software package relationships. 4.1.1.2dpkg command 1) install the software command line: dpkg-I <. deb file name> example: dpkg-I avg71flm_r28-1_i386.deb2) install all the packages under a directory command line: dpkg-R example: dpkg-R/usr/local/src3) release the package, but do not configure command line: dpkg -- unpack package_file if used with-R, the parameter can be a directory example: dpkg -- unpack avg71flm_r28-1_i386.deb4) Reconfigure and release the package command line: if dpkg-configure package_file is used with-a, all unconfigured software packages are configured. Example: dpkg-configure avg71flm_r28-1_i386.deb5) delete a package (retain its configuration information) command line: dpkg-r example: dpkg-r avg71flm6) Replace the package information command line: dpkg-update-avail <Packages-file> 7) merge the package information dpkg-merge-avail <Packages-file> 8) read the software information from the package. command line: dpkg-A package_file9) delete A package (including configuration information) command line: dpkg-P10) lose all Uninstall package information command line: dpkg-forget-old-unavail11) delete the Avaliable information command line for the package: dpkg-clear-avail12) find only partially installed package information command line: dpkg-C13) compare the differences between different versions of the same package command line: dpkg-compare- Versions ver1 op ver214) command line for displaying the help information: dpkg-help15) command line for displaying the Licence of dpkg: dpkg-licence (or) dpkg-license16) command line for displaying the version number of dpkg: dpkg-version17) create a deb FILE command line: dpkg-B directory [filename] 18) display the directory of a Deb FILE command line: dpkg-c filename19) deb command line: dpkg-I filename [control-file] 20) Search for Deb package command line: dpkg-l package-name-pattern example: dpkg-I vim21) show all installed Deb packages, and the version number and brief description command line: dpkg-l22) report the status information of the specified package command line: dpkg-s package-name example: dpkg-s ss H23) display the file directory information of a package installed in the system command line: dpkg-L package-Name example: dpkg-L apache.pdf) Search for the files in the specified package (fuzzy query) command Line: dpkg-S filename-search-pattern25) display package details command line: dpkg-p package-name example: dpkg-p cacti labels 1.3apt command APT (the Advanced Packaging Tool) is the Advanced Interface of the Ubuntu software package management system. Ubuntu is based on Debian. APT consists of several programs named "apt. Apt-get, apt-cache, and apt-cdrom are command line tools used to process software packages. APT Introduction the Advanced Packaging Tool is an Advanced interface of the Ubuntu software package management system. Ubuntu is based on Debian. APT consists of several programs named "APT. Apt-get, apt-cache, and apt-cdrom are command line tools used to process software packages. The Linux Command-apt is also the backend of other user foreground programs, such as dselect and aptitude. As part of the operation, APT uses a file to list the image site addresses of available software packages. This file is/etc/apt/sources. list. APT is a client/server system. Copy all the DEB packages on the server (DEB is the file extension in the Debian package format), and then use the APT Analysis Tool (genbasedir) based on the Header of each DEB package) information is used to analyze all the DEB packages and record the analysis results in a file. This file is called the DEB index list. The DEB index list of the APT server is placed in the base folder. Once the DEB in the APT server changes, you must use genbasedir to generate a new DEB index list. Before installing or upgrading the client, you must query the DEB index list to obtain all dependent software packages and download them to the client for installation. When the client needs to install, upgrade, or delete a software package, after obtaining the DEB index list compressed file, the client computer will decompress it and place it in/var/state/apt/lists /, when the client uses the apt-getinstall or apt-getupgrade command, the data in this folder is compared with the DEB database in the client computer, know which DEB has been installed, not installed, or can be upgraded. APT-cache search # -- (package search package) apt-cache show # -- (package obtains package information, such as description, size, and Version) sudoapt-getinstall # -- (package installation package) sudoapt-getreinstall # -- (package--reinstall re-installation package) sudoapt-get-f install # -- (Force installation? # "-F =-fix-missing" is to fix and install it ...) Sudoapt-getremove # -- (delete package) sudoapt-getremove--purge # -- (delete package, including deleting configuration files) sudoapt-getautoremove -- purge # -- (package deletes packages and their dependent package configuration files (only valid for 6.10, it is strongly recommended )) sudoapt-getupdate # -- update source sudoapt-getupgrade # -- Update installed packages sudoapt-getdist-upgrade # --- upgrade system sudoapt-getdselect-upgrade # -- upgrade apt-cache depends using dselect # --- (package knows how to use dependencies) apt-cache rdepends # -- (does package know a specific dependency? # Check which packages the package depends on ...) Sudoapt-getbuild-dep # -- (package installation-related compilation environment) apt-getsource # -- (package download the source code of this package) sudoapt-getclean & sudo apt-get autoclean # --- clear the archive of downloaded files & only clear outdated packages sudoapt-getcheck # --- check whether there is any corrupted dependency apt-get install # -- (download and all dependent packages, install or upgrade the package. Apt-get remove [-- purge] # -- (remove and any other packages that depend on this package .) Apt-get update # -- (upgrade the package list from the Debian image. If you want to install any software on the day, run it at least once a day and modify/etc/apt/sources each time. after list, it must be executed .) Apt-get upgrade [-u] # -- (upgrade all installed packages to the latest available version. Old packages will not be installed or removed.