Debian's first day

Debian: the first day of use-the Linux Release Technology-Debian information. The following is a detailed description. Author: Long Xin, China

Debian has been used for a whole day. In the meantime, I encountered some questions and finally basically solved them. Basically, some methods may not be the best solution. In any case, write down for the moment and forget it.

Add a Debian update source
Added two fast update sources in China. Add the following method to the/etc/init. d/sources. list file:

Deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free
Deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security stable/updates main

If you need to update the version of the program (New also means it may be unstable), you can change "stable" to "testing ". You are advised to use stable.

Read and Write NTFS partitions In Debian
Debian 4 by default does not support NTFS partition read/write, can be solved by installing the ntfs-3g. There are two methods: one is to add the testing version source by changing the update source of Debian (which may be found online), and then install it through "apt-get install ntfs-3g; second, download the source code of the ntfs-3g, compile and install it yourself. I used the latter. In the first method, the version of the ntfs-3g will be older, and fuse support is required, and more things need to be downloaded. The new version of ntfs-3g no longer requires fuse support (currently ntfs-3g-1.2531 ). The compilation and installation process is as follows:

1. Run the "apt-get install build-essential" command to install the required compiler.

2. Unzip the source file of the ntfs-3g, access the folder directory, and then the standard "./confgure; make install" can be done.

Mount NTFS partition with ntfs-3g methods such as "ntfs-3g/dev/hdc1/mnt/win_c", where win_c directory needs to be created in advance, in addition to some other parameters, detailed reference to its manual.

Debian installation and use scim
Scim is not installed in Debian 4 by default. You must manually install scim on your own. Install scim and related input methods through "apt-get install scim-pinyin scim-tables-zh im-switch scim-gtk2-immodule. After the installation is complete, further settings are required for use:

In the/etc/X11/Xsession. d directory, create a file named "95 xinput" with the following content:

/Usr/bin/scim-d
XMODIFIERS = "@ im = SCIM"
Export XMODIFIERS
Export GTK_IM_MODULE = scim

Then restart the instance to use scim normally.

Debian is slow to start due to MTA startup
Debian always stays at "Starting MTA:" for a long time at startup and displays "exim4" before skipping. It is really unacceptable, and it can only be stopped. The method is as follows:

Run "update-rc.d-f exim4 remove" as root and then you can. The specific things that can be stopped can be seen in the/etc/init. d directory.

Beautify Debian Chinese display
Debian 4 displays ugly Chinese characters by default. The Chinese file names in a directory are displayed unevenly. My solution is to create a new directory under the/usr/share/fonts/truetype directory with an arbitrary name (such as DIY), and then copy several file security (simsun) from Windows. ttc, simhei. to this directory. Then go to the directory and run "mkfontdir" and "fc-cache-v-f" as the root user. After restarting, you can see that Chinese characters are much better.

Slow Debian program opening
For some reason (it may be because several Chinese fonts have been added), the Debian program has become much slower. The solution is also quite simple. Run "fc-cache-v-f" as root on the terminal ". However, failed may be prompted, and many failed... in this case, first touch the directory that prompts failed, such as "touch/usr/share/fonts, then execute "fc-cache-v-f" to succeeded.

Debian install and configure JDK
Install it in the traditional way.

Go to the SUN website to download the JDK in Linux. download a file with the bin extension and copy the file to a suitable directory (such as/opt/java ), then enter the directory as root on the terminal and execute

Chmod + x jdkXXXX. bin (that is, add executable attributes for that JDK file)
./JdkXXXX. bin (the file is actually decompressed)
Rm jdkXXXX. bin (delete the original file after decompression)

In this way, even if JDK is installed, you still need to configure environment variables. The setting of environment variables in Debian differs from some releases (such as Mandriva and Fedora). For example, in Mandirva, you only need to set environment variables in/etc/profile or ~ /. It's okay to set it in bash_profile, but this is not a big line for Debian, so it will be set later on the Terminal (this is not the Gnome Terminal opened on the system desktop, it is similar to pressing Ctrl + Alt + F3 on the Terminal. You can see that the setting takes effect, but it is invalid in Gnome Terminal (start Gnome does not seem to read/etc/profile or ~ /. Bash_profile), you can see through "echo $ PATH. I solve this problem through the following methods:

Open the ". bash_profile" file in your home directory (note one thing) and add the following content at the end:

PATH = $ PATH:/opt/java/jdk1.6.0 _ 06/bin
JAVA_HOME =/opt/java/jdk1.6.0 _ 06
JRE_HOME =/opt/java/jdk1.6.0 _ 06/jre

Export PATH JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME

"/Opt/java/jdk1.6.0 _ 06" indicates the JDK installation path.

Then, create (or edit, if any) A file named ". gnomerc" in the main directory with the same content as before.

After this setting, JDK can be used normally, whether by pressing Ctrl + Alt + Fn or Gnome Terminal. Modify the effect of the two files and modify a file (/etc/profile or ~ /. Bash_profile. For the moment, I wonder if there are any better methods.