Introduction to linux installation partitions

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You can install Red Hat Linux in a single large partition, or separately install it in Several partitions. This is an advantage of Linux, especially as a server, this is more useful. In contrast, Microsoft's DOS and Windows can only be installed in primary partition C. What are the advantages of Single-partition and multi-partition installation? A single partition is easier for beginners. As long as one partition is used, Linux can be fully installed. Therefore, beginners generally use a single partition for installation, linux is flexible and installed in multiple partitions, which helps improve the overall performance of your computer and greatly improve the efficiency of computer program execution, because Linux is a multi-user, multi-task system, you can allow different users to execute different tasks at the same time.
In Linux, tasks or programs can be freely scheduled or used.

Here, we will recommend the following multi-partition configuration for you. Of course, if you want to install all the software packages of Red Hat Linux, you must use the larger partition size shown here. In practice, you may increase the size of the Space recommended here, but you can ensure that you do not have to re-partition during future upgrades.

A root partition/: The partition where the root directory (/) is located. It only needs the files (such as kernel files) and system configuration files necessary to start the system. Most system root partitions of 50 MB to MB can work well.

One/usr partition:/usr is the partition where many software (such as X Windows) stored in Red Hat Linux systems are located. Based on the number of RPM packages you want to install, this partition is generally between MB and MB. If possible, use the maximum space for the/usr partition.

One/home partition: used to store the user's personal data partition. The size depends on how many users are in Red Hat Linux and how much data these users will store.

One swap partition: The swap partition is used for system data exchange, which is equivalent to the virtual memory in DOS/Windows. When the memory is insufficient, the system will access the temporary program data on the swap partition. In Red Hat Linux, swap partitions are required. No matter how large your memory is, even if you have MB of memory, at least one swap partition is required.

The above are the main partitions. Generally, ordinary users do not have special requirements. installing these partitions ensures system performance. In addition, the user's use environment may require the creation of one or more of the following partitions:

One/usr/local partition: In general,/usr/local is used to store software different from the Red Hat Linux system. For example, it is not a software package of RPM, but a software package of TGZ or TAR. The size of the space depends on the number of software to be stored.

One/usr/src partition: in a Red Hat Linux system,/usr/src usually stores two things: one is the kernel source code, and all the Linux source code is put here, the new kernel is also created here. Currently, the kernel source code occupies about 50 MB of space. When you need more space to create the kernel, or you want to save several different versions of the kernel, you need to increase the space for this partition. The other is the RPM package source program. If the package source program is installed, the file will be stored here. The size of the partition depends on the number of packages that will be installed here.

One/tmp partition: The/tmp partition is used to store temporary files. It is a good idea to create a/tmp partition for a large, multi-user system or network server. For a dedicated workstation, you do not need to create a dedicated/tmp partition.

One/var partition: logs are written in/var/log in Red Hat Linux. The print queue files are usually written in/var/spool. Unless otherwise configured,/var will be part of the root file system and usually does not occupy much space. If the system has many print tasks, emails, or logs, you can create a/var partition. Generally, only multiple users or servers need dedicated/var partitions.

One/boot partition: Most of the partitions mentioned here are for large systems. This partition is useful for small systems with very little space. All the files required for starting LILO are in the/boot directory, because these files (including Linux kernel) in/boot occupy 1 MB. If it is difficult to arrange MB space for the root partition used by LILO, we are lucky to use only 5-10 MB of partitions to store/boot, but we still need to create a root partition. In this case, it can be anywhere in the system (subject to BIOS restrictions) use partitions with/boot.