Linux standard directory structure (FHS)

The directory structure of all UNIX and Unix-like operating systems is an upside down tree structure starting with the root

Path
The so-called path is the directory composition structure
A Linux path consists of the "/" and the directory (file) name two parts
For example:/etc/passwd
If "/" appears at the beginning of the path, it represents the root directory, where "/" appears in the middle of the path, meaning that a
directory, the path shown above means "etc directory under the root directory"
passwd file "
If "/" appears at the end of the path, it indicates that this is a directory

Paths are divided into two categories: absolute and relative
Absolute path: The path that starts at the root
For example:/etc/sysconfig//etc/grub.conf

Relative path: The path where the non-root begins
For example: etc var/ftp/pub. /test.txt./test.sh

Use the PWD command to view the current absolute path:
PWD: Print Work Directory
Like what:
[Email protected] etc]# pwd
/etc

To switch paths:
The most common use is the CD command, full name: Change Directory
Like what:
#cd//switch to the home directory of the currently logged in user
#cd test//Switch to the test directory in the current directory
#cd-//switch to the last-visited directory
#cd: Switch to parent directory
======================================
directory role must be known
All first-level directories under the root directory are all due to the installation software "filesystem"

/USR software default installation directory, similar to the programs directory within the Windows system
The files of the software installed in the system will be stored in the various subdirectories
/USR/LOCAL/SRC typically stores downloaded source installation files
/USR/SRC typically stores downloaded source installation files

/bin directory/usr/bin symbolic link to store commands that everyone can use
/sbin directory/usr/sbin symbolic link to store only the commands that are available for root

/proc virtual File system mapping the current kernel state system process Files directory
Cpuinfo CPU Information
Meminfo Memory Information
/sys virtual file system, and proc is different if the hardware device does not have a plug-and-pull operation, its subdirectories
The recording structure does not change

Home directory for the/root root account
Home directory for all regular accounts

/etc Store configuration file

/var variable store some frequently changing files (directories for FTP publishing files, Web Publishing
Site Directory, log, mail, scheduled Tasks)
/lib
/LIB64 Library Repository files

/dev Storage device files
Common Equipment Files:/dev/sda,/dev/sda1,/dev/tty1,/dev/tty2,/dev/
PTS/1,/dev/zero,/dev/null,/dev/random

/boot store boot files, such as grub and kernel files

/media the directory used to automatically mount the graphics (Rhel7 is useless)
/runRhel7 New Additions to the catalogue, is the hard link of the/var/run, before the optical drive and the U disk since
Moving mount directory changed from/media to/run/media.
/MNT Manual Mount Directory

/opt empty directory, some software will also use it as the default installation directory

/cgroup Resource Control

/TMP stores temporary files and junk files that are not recycled due to software exit

/net/srv/selinux/lost+found These directories are seldom used at ordinary times.

This article from "crazywing" blog, reproduced please contact the author!

Linux standard directory structure (FHS)