Solutions for common basic problems in Linux _unix Linux

A System issues
1. The system does not start

The problem may be MBR damage or grub error. Two options can be considered: 1 Enter rescue mode rescue mode, edit/boot/grub/under the Menu.lst. 2 Repair the MBR, back up mbr:dd If=/dev/had of=mbr-backup bs=512 count=1, restore Mbr:dd if=mbr-backup, Of=/dev/had bs=512.

2. When starting to Ubuntu logo, card machine

The solution is to edit/boot/grub/menu.lst, find this line: kernel/boot/vmlinz-2.6.15-10 root=/dev/hda1 ro quiet Splash, delete splash, restart will not appear after the logo.

3. Unable to login graphics interface

Most of this is due to a x-server configuration that requires reconfiguration. Configuration file:/etc/x11/xorg.conf. Run the x configuration process: sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg

4. How to add fonts

Press the ALT+F2 key (function similar to ' win+r ' in MS Windows), appear in the ' Run Application ' dialog box, enter fonts:///from it, and then run will pop up the font folder and drag the font you want to add to this folder. Note that the fonts you add are valid only for the current user.

5. How to test whether the ISO file is complete

Command line:md5sum file_name

The resulting 32-bit character is compared to the 32-bit captcha that came with the file.

6. How to view hidden files in a folder

The hidden file is displayed when you click View in the file browser (Browser) è show Hidden files (display hidden file). You can also use the shortcut key "Ctrl+h".

7. Graphics Desktop stop responding, how to deal with

Two solutions: 1 Press alt+ctrl+backspace at the same time to reboot the x-windows. 2 Press ALT+F2, jump to terminal, after landing run SUDO/ETC/INIT.D/GDM stop, will close X-window and enter Test-mode. And then type SUDO/ETC/INIT.D/GDM start, The X-window will be restarted.

8. How to free up disk space

First of all, empty the contents of the Trash bin (Trash), Trash in the bottom right corner of the desktop, click the right key to empty.

Second, the packet cache is cleaned, and the package is saved under/var/cache/apt/archives/whenever the package is downloaded by synaptic or the automatic upgrade manager. By running the following command, the packages will be purged without affecting the system. sudo apt-get clean

9. After installing Windows, Ubuntu does not start

The reason is that Windows will overwrite the MBR, causing the system to not read the startup information about Ubuntu from it. The solution is to start the system from CD, enter rescue mode, press ENTER to select the keyboard layout and language, then get a list of hard disk partitions, choose to install Ubuntu partition, press ENTER. Type "Grub-install/dev/hda" to install grub to the hard disk after the shell prompt appears. Wait for the process to end to the output "install finished" and then enter "Exit" to restart the computer.

10. Forget the system password

Reboot the computer when you see GRUB

Two Application software

1. Unable to close program window

Use Xkill to shut down. Press ALT+F2, enter Xkill and press ENTER, when the mouse becomes a small skull shape, click the window you want to close.

2. Play DVD picture Jitter and jump

This situation is mostly due to the fact that the DMA mode of the DVD server is not started, and this mode can be started.

Sudo HDPARM/DEV/SDC grep DMA

If DMA does not start, you will see USING_DMA = 0 (off)

To turn on DMA mode, run sudo hdparm–d 1/dev/sdc

Replay the DVD at this point, and if the problem is resolved, modify the/etc/hdparm.conf and add the following code block:



/DEV/HDC {DMA = on}