Give me some advice on how to learn linux

I have been studying linux for a long time, so I would like to share my thoughts on linux. I hope you will not mess with me. Not necessarily for everyone. I hope you will make your choice.

1. Do not be a "missionary"

Many people are constantly discussing "Linux vs. Windows" in the discussion area, and even have a red ear. This is not necessary.

Such arguments are time-consuming and useless. Yes, you spent the afternoon defending the "Linux better than Windows" statement with many facts. However, Windows supporters do not like Linux. They just flushed down a little and asked for new evidence to debate with you.

People in the world are using the most cutting-edge science in Linux research. We are still discussing the boring question "do you want to use Linux". When can we catch up with the times?

What is "Windows supporter" and "Linux supporter "? Why should we support one and oppose another? You don't need to be a Linux "programmer", you don't need to be a "Linux supporter" or a "GNU missionary". GNU/Linux has proved their power to the world with facts, it has been accepted by most people. You only need to quietly enjoy the pleasure and freedom provided by GNU/Linux.

What you need to care about is not what your tool is, but what you have done with it. Being proficient in Linux doesn't mean anything, because it is just a tool. If you can use Windows to complete your tasks well, you do not have to spend time getting familiar with Linux. It will not be too late until you find that only Linux can complete a task one day, because Linux fans around you will be happy to help you.

Tools are not human and should not have feelings for tools. This is something you need to remind yourself before discussing tools. Something that is easy to argue about: Word and TeX; Emacs and VIM; MAXIMA, Mathematica and Maple; Gnome, FVWM and KDE; Mutt and Pine ...... Be sure to calmly say to yourself: "I don't stand on either of them, because they are not people ."

Different people have different needs and different environments. For you, good things are not necessarily good for others. We need to respect others' choices. If you say in person that someone else is using a poor program, no one will be willing to accept your opinion. I have never suggested that my father not use Windows + WPS, but use Linux + LaTeX to process his English exam. Because WPS is my father's choice, it is enough that he can use WPS to edit good questions to test his students.

I used to help my dad develop a perl program that can automatically convert my markup language into LaTeX English papers. The answer table can be automatically generated based on the question number and option of multiple choice questions in disorder. The answer version used by the instructor is displayed. The short text correction and incorrect question are automatically segmented and automatically spelled, graphical configuration ...... My father was happy for a while, but later he wanted to use a title style in WPS, and I was not at home and could not modify the program for him. So he switched back to WPS. It's like someone sent Einstein a can of shaving foam. In the first few days, he found that he was flying and constantly boasting this thing really comfortable. After a few days, Einstein began to shave his beard again with white water, because the shaving foam was used up, and he was too lazy to buy it himself. This is just a habit.

2. Do not force yourself

People who like computers always tend to be forced. Some people say, "the keyboard is faster than the mouse. Do not use the mouse. In this way, efficiency can be achieved ." Therefore, in the editor, he always uses commands like 20 w and 10 J to reach the target point. He even thought that the graphic interface was redundant, and xwindows was not installed.

Using the keyboard seems to be much faster than getting the mouse away from the keyboard. However, the frequency of quick keys is not the same as the efficiency of work, it is of no benefit to your health. This only turns you into a keyboard player.

When you are checking your article or program and thinking is flowing with the meaning of characters, suddenly something like 20 w or 10 J appears in your mind, will it interrupt your thinking? No? It means that the problem you were thinking about at the time is relatively simple, and these interference will not play a side effect.

In fact, when many people use computers, their thoughts are bound by certain dogmas. The above is only one of the many dogmas. Some people have created many such dogmas, asking others by their way of work, and laughing at people in different ways than others. For example, some people laugh at others who write C Programs without 8-character indentation, laugh at others who use direction keys in vi, laugh at others who do not know what PVM is, and laugh at others who use JAVA, C # Memory language recycled by GC ......

You don't have to worry about all kinds of dogma. Computers are just your slaves. You can use them whenever you want. No one can restrain you, and no one can laugh at your work. The computer will no longer look like this tomorrow, so today you don't have to fully understand it. You do not need to know what others have created, because you need to leave some time to create something on your own. Just have fun!

When you modify an article next time, you may wish to click it in the place you see in your eyes.

3. Do not "Play with Linux"

Many people may feel confused when using Linux. which release should I use? Is it because I have not installed anything? How can I upgrade it so quickly! Why is it so unstable! Whenever a new software is used, he wants to try it out. Whenever a new version appears, he updates it and selects programs he has never seen in the new menu.

In fact, you use Linux for Linux without finding the right reason to use Linux. First, you must specify the purpose of using a computer. You use it to solve your actual problems, rather than to learn how to install the operating system, rather than to test which version is easy to use, it is not to "catch up with the trend", not because your hard disk is too large, and you want to take up more space.

If you do not know what to do after you start the computer, it is best not to use the computer first, because you may have more important things to do.

4. Do not pick up the release version

When using Linux, many people always doubt whether another release version is better than the one they are using. They always doubt that they will lose support in the future and have to use another release. So many people today are Redhat, and tomorrow they will be replaced by debian, and later they will be gentoo ,...... Some even install two versions of Linux on one machine, and then compare which one is better.

In fact, you do not have to do this. Any release, as long as you are familiar with it, will almost never be affected by the way you work above. I used Redhat all the time. When I installed debian on a new machine one day, I found that the Redhat experience was not wasted. I have configured debian in one afternoon so that debian can be accepted and listened to by me, just like not changing the release.

Debian, TurboLinux, SuSE, Redhat, Gentoo,... Any version is good. Many people think that saving an LFS is a symbol of a high level of hackers, but not everyone has the energy to understand all the details.

If you are using personal daily things and scientific research, try debian. It is the most convenient release I have ever seen.

5. Do not blindly upgrade

I don't know whether this is the psychological effect or something. Some people may want to change it to a relatively large version number. Many people have a comfortable Redhat configuration, but once the Redhat releases a new version, they will download it as soon as possible and choose to upgrade and install it. As a result, the configuration files that have been modified are often washed out. The new software has brought about new problems. For example, once my rxvt was upgraded to 2.7.8, it had a conflict with miniChinput. When I upgraded to Redhat 8.0, I found that xmms could not put mp3 by default, XFree86's xtt module has a new bug on I810, which will cause Mozilla to exit suddenly.

If you have already configured everything, never upgrade it as a whole. This will waste you a lot of time and it is not worth it. There is a saying: "If it's not broken, don't fix it." If your program can complete what you need to do, why should you upgrade it?

6. do not configure things you don't need

If you only want to be an ordinary user like me, the main purpose is to use Linux to complete your own scientific research tasks and daily work, therefore, you do not need to require the system administrator or network administrator standards, because it is really hard for a system and network administrator. It is a waste of time for ordinary users to learn complex maintenance system tools that are not frequently used. If they do not need to learn them, they will soon forget them!

I am not a qualified network administrator. All my servers are configured with only the functions I need. Setting ssh and ftp is enough, which saves me a lot of trouble. I never think too much about "security" because Linux is safe by default. Without a tape drive, I don't need to worry about the odd parameters of tar. czf, xzf, and ztf can already meet all my needs. Sed, awk,... I only use several common command lines.

7. Do not use the root account. Su only when needed!

This is a common phenomenon for many people who are new to UNIX operating systems. They do not like su when managing the system, but always use the root account to do everything, configure the system, and install programs, browse webpages, play games, program ......

One day, he accidentally used rm * in a system directory ......

8. Do not look at Linux from a commercial perspective.

Linux is not a commercial software, so do not use Solaris. From the perspective of Windows, the authors of Linux. Free Software never win over users. They have no responsibility for users. In fact, in the world of free software, "developers" and "users" have no clear boundaries. Everyone is a friend.

Free Software may only meet the needs of the author and his friends, or even create for fun. The free software is not perfect. The Free Software acknowledges that it has its own shortcomings and does not expose itself to the eyes and ears of "users. This relief of responsibility for the author inspires the author's creativity. They do not have to worry too much about "upward compatibility". They tend to be more reasonable and advanced than the commercial software structures that carry heavy burdens.

So when you encounter difficulties using a free software, you should not blame the software authors because they are not obligated to you. You should not treat yourself as a picky customer. Instead, you should treat yourself as a consultant for the software and a kind of adviser so that you can understand the happiness of the author when writing this program, report to the author when there is a problem, help him improve the software and become a happy participant. Just like your brother gave you an old bicycle, you should cherish this friendship, instead of yelling at your brother when the car breaks down or the bike breaks. If you really cannot use this kind of cooperation mentality, you 'd better not use this software.

This is an advanced culture that includes the spirit of mutual cooperation and scientific innovation. It is not easy to understand this. Many people often leave free software because they cannot understand this culture. There is no loss for the author.

9. Do your business

Many people told me that your webpage is a waste of time for me to configure this configuration. It will be FVWM and Mutt ......

Hmm ...... Those things are accumulated at when I am free. If you want to deal with all those things at once, I am afraid it will take you a few weeks or even a few months! You don't have to deal with all these things before you can work properly. Unless you really have to use a program, or you are idle, you can leave these things alone.
10. the above items are for reference only.
These are my personal opinions on how to learn linux, not necessarily applicable to everyone. It's up to you!

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