How to install MYSQL database on Linux

1, download MySQL Installation File install MySQL requires the following two files: MySQL-server-5.0.26-0.i386.rpmMySQL-client-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm:, open this page, drop-down page to find RedHatEnterpriseLinux3RPM (x86) downloads items, find Server and Clientprograms items, download needs

1, download MySQL Installation File install MySQL requires the following two files: MySQL-server-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm MySQL-client-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm:, open this page, drop-down page to find Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 RPM (x86) downloads items, find the Server and Client programs items, download the required

1. Download the MySQL Installation File

The following two files are required to install MySQL:

MySQL-server-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm

MySQL-client-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm

Yes. Open this page and find the "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 RPM (x86) downloads" item in the drop-down list. Find the "Server" and "Client programs" items, download the two required rpm files.

2. Install MySQL

The rpm file is a software installation package developed by Red Hat. rpm frees Linux from complicated procedures when installing software packages. The frequently used parameter of this command during installation is-ivh, where I indicates that the specified rmp package will be installed, and V indicates the detailed information during installation, h indicates that the "#" symbol appears during the installation to display the current installation process. This symbol will not stop until the installation is complete.

1) install the server

Run the following command in the directory with two rmp files:

[Root @ test1 local] # rpm-ivh MySQL-server-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm

The following information is displayed.

Warning: MySQL-server-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 5072e1f5

Preparing... ######################################## ### [100%]

1: mySQL-server ##################################### ###### [100%]

...... (Omitted)

/Usr/bin/mysqladmin-u root password 'new-password'

/Usr/bin/mysqladmin-u root-h test1 password 'new-password'

...... (Omitted)

Starting mysqld daemon with databases from/var/lib/mysql

If the preceding information is displayed, the Server installation is complete. Run netstat to check whether the Mysql port is opened. If yes, the service is started and the installation is successful. The default Mysql port is 3306.

[Root @ test1 local] # netstat-nat

Active Internet connections (servers and established)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local AddressForeign AddressState

Tcp00 0.0.0.0: 33060.0.0.0: * LISTEN

The above shows that the MySQL service has been started.

2) install the client

Run the following command:

[Root @ test1 local] # rpm-ivh MySQL-client-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm

Warning: MySQL-client-5.0.26-0.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 5072e1f5

Preparing... ######################################## ### [100%]

1: mySQL-client ##################################### ###### [100%]

The installation is complete.

Use the following command to connect to mysql and test whether the connection is successful.

Log on to MySQL

The command used to log on to MySQL is mysql. the syntax of mysql is as follows:

Mysql [-u username] [-h host] [-p [password] [dbname]

Username and password are the username and password of MySQL respectively. The initial management account of mysql is root, and there is no password. Note: This root user is not a Linux system.

User. The default MySQL user is root. Because there is no password at first, you only need to type mysql for the first time.

[Root @ test1 local] # mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1 to server version: 4.0.16-standard

Type 'help; 'or 'H' for help. Type 'C' to clear the buffer.

Mysql>

The prompt "mysql>" appears. Congratulations! The installation is successful!

The logon format after the password is added is as follows:

Mysql-u root-p

Enter password: (Enter the password)

-U is followed by the user name.-p requires the password. Press enter and enter the password at the Enter password.

Note: This mysql file is located in the/usr/bin directory. It is not a file with the Startup file/etc/init. d/mysql described later.

Several important MySQL Directories

After MySQL is installed, its database files, configuration files, and command files are not installed in the same directory as SQL Server by default.

Yes, especially for Linux beginners, because the directory structure of Linux itself is relatively complicated, if you do not know the installation directory of MySQL, you will not be able to learn it in depth.

The following describes these directories.

1. Database directory

/Var/lib/mysql/

2. Configuration File

/Usr/share/mysql (mysql. server command and configuration file)

3. Related commands

/Usr/bin (commands such as mysqladmin mysqldump)

4. Start the script

/Etc/rc. d/init. d/(directory for starting the script file mysql)

The logon password is changed on two pages.

MySQL does not have a password by default. It is self-evident that the password is added after installation.

1. Commands

Usr/bin/mysqladmin-u root password 'new-password'

Format: mysqladmin-u username-p old password New password

2. Example

Example 1: Add a 123456 password to the root user.

Type the following command:

[Root @ test1 local] #/usr/bin/mysqladmin-u root password 123456

Note: because the root account does not have a password at the beginning, the old-p password can be omitted.

3. test whether the modification is successful

1) login without a password

[Root @ test1 local] # mysql

ERROR 1045: Access denied for user: 'root @ localhost' (Using password: NO)

An error is displayed, indicating that the password has been modified.

2) log on with the modified Password

[Root @ test1 local] # mysql-u root-p

Enter password: (Enter the password 123456 after modification)

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4 to server version: 4.0.16-standard

Type 'help; 'or 'H' for help. Type 'C' to clear the buffer.

Mysql>

Successful!

You can use the mysqladmin command to change the password or the database to change the password.

Start and Stop

1. Start

After MySQL is installed, run the following command to start mysql in the/etc/init. d directory.

[Root @ test1 init. d] #/etc/init. d/mysql start

2. Stop

/Usr/bin/mysqladmin-u root-p shutdown

3. Automatic Start

1) Check whether mysql is in the Auto Start List

[Root @ test1 local] #/sbin/chkconfig-list

2) Add MySQL to the startup Service Group of your system.

[Root @ test1 local] #/sbin/chkconfig-add mysql

3) Delete MySQL from the startup Service Group.

[Root @ test1 local] #/sbin/chkconfig-del mysql

Change MySQL directory

The default data file storage directory of MySQL is/var/lib/mysql. To move the directory to/home/data, perform the following steps:

1. Create a data directory under the home Directory

Cd/home

Mkdir data

2. Stop the MySQL service process:

Mysqladmin-u root-p shutdown

3. Move the entire/var/lib/mysql directory to/home/data

Mv/var/lib/mysql/home/data/

In this way, the MySQL data file is moved to/home/data/mysql.

4. Find the my. cnf configuration file.

If my. for the cnf configuration file, go to/usr/share/mysql/and find *. copy one of the cnf files to/etc/and change it to my. cnf. The command is as follows:

[Root @ test1 mysql] # cp/usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf/etc/my. cnf

5. Edit the MySQL configuration file/etc/my. cnf.

To ensure that MySQL works properly, you must specify the location where the mysql. sock file is generated. Modify the value on the right of a socket =/var/lib/mysql. sock line with a moderate number

Is/home/mysql. sock. The procedure is as follows:

Vimy. cnf (use the vi tool to edit the my. cnf file and find the following data to modify)

# The MySQL server

[Mysqld]

Port = 3306

# Socket =/var/lib/mysql. sock)

Socket =/home/data/mysql. sock (add this line)

6. Modify the MySQL STARTUP script/etc/rc. d/init. d/mysql

Finally, you need to modify the MySQL STARTUP script/etc/rc. d/init. d/mysql: Replace the path on the right of the equal sign in a row of datadir =/var/lib/mysql with your actual storage

Path: home/data/mysql.

[Root @ test1 etc] # vi/etc/rc. d/init. d/mysql

# Datadir =/var/lib/mysql (comment this row)

Datadir =/home/data/mysql (add this row)

7. Restart the MySQL service.

/Etc/rc. d/init. d/mysql start

Or use the reboot command to restart Linux.

If it works properly, it will succeed. Otherwise, check again against the previous seven steps.

To log on to another computer as a root user, perform the following actions:

1. mark @ marklinux mark> mysql-h localhost-u root

// You can access the MySQL server.

2. mysql> grant all privileges on *. * TO 'root' @ '%' WITH GRANT OPTION

// Grant data access permissions to any host

3. mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES

// The modification takes effect.

4. mysql> EXIT

// Exit the MySQL server

In this way, you can log on to any other host as the root user!