Install oracle11g r2 on CentOS 6.6

Install oracle11g r2 on CentOS 6.6

1. instructions before installation:

1). The minimum requirement for memory (RAM) is 1 GB. 2 GB or above is recommended.

Run the command: cat/proc/meminfo. The VM uses 2 GB memory.

[Root @ 192 ~] # Cat/proc/meminfo | head-1

MemTotal: 1870496 kB

2) swap memory swap suggestion: the memory is 1 GB ~ When 2 GB, we recommend that the swap size be 1.5 times the memory size; the memory size is 2 GB ~ We recommend that you set the swap size to the memory size when the 16 GB memory is exceeded 16 GB. The swap memory of the virtual machine is set to the same size as the physical memory.

[Root @ 192 ~] # Cat/proc/swaps

FilenameTypeSizeUsedPriority

/Dev/dm-1 partition20971480-1

3). A temporary file directory, such as/tmp, must have at least 1 GB disk space. Here/tmp is mounted in the root directory, not just 1 GB space.

[Root @ 192 tmp] # df-h

File System capacity used available % mount point

/Dev/mapper/centos-root 18G 3.8G 14G 22%/

Devtmpfs 904 M 0 904 M 0%/dev

Tmpfs 914 M 0 914 M 0%/dev/shm

Tmpfs 914 M 8.9 M 905 M 1%/run

Tmpfs 914 M 0 914 M 0%/sys/fs/cgroup

/Dev/sda1 497 M 120 M 378 M 25%/boot

Tmpfs 183 M 0 183 M 0%/run/user/0

4). Disk Space Requirements: The Enterprise Edition is 4.35GB of installation space and GB of data file space or above; the Standard Edition is 4.22GB of installation space and GB of data file space.

[Root @ 192 tmp] # df-h

File System capacity used available % mount point

/Dev/mapper/centos-root 18G 3.8G 14G 22%/

Here we can see that there is more than 4.35G space.

5). The X window graphic interface is required.

Yum groupinstall "Desktop"

Here we select the minimum installed version for the server.

6). root User permission is required.

7). Set the ing between the host name and IP address

Vim/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost

192.168.10.136 oracle_test

2. Install the required package

Binutils-2.17.50.0.6

Compat-libstdc ++-33-3.2.3

Elfutils-libelf-0.125

Elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97

Gcc-4.1.2

Gcc-c ++-4.1.2

Glibc-2.3.4

Glibc-common-2.5

Glibc-devel-2.5

Glibc-headers-2.5

Ksh-20060214

Libaio-0.3.105

Libaio-devel-0.3.105

Libgcc-3.4.6

Libstdc ++-3.4.6

Libstdc ++-devel 4.1.2

Make-3.81

Sysstat-7.0.2

UnixODBC-2.2.11-11.el6 (x86_64) or later

UnixODBC-devel-2.2.11-11.el6 (x86_64) or later

LibXp

Use yum list | grep 'package name', rpm-q 'package name', or rpm-qa | grep 'package name' to check whether the package has been installed.

In short, you can use the following command to install the software

Yuminstall-y ksh binutils compat-libstdc ++-cancelfutils-libelf-develgccgcc-c ++ glibc-common glibc-devel libaio-devel GCC libstdc ++- develmakenumactl sysstat libXp unixODBC-devel

Install the pdksh package (this package is not included in the CentOS installation disk ):

Install with the command rpm-ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm (Note: This package conflicts with ksh, if you have installed ksh, it is recommended to uninstall with command rpm-e ksh)

3. create user groups and accounts, set system parameters, Install databases, and configure databases.

1). Create a user group (operate under the root account ):

Groupadd oinstall;

Groupadd dba;

Groupadd rule;

2). Create a required account (under the root account ):

Use the command id oracle to check whether the oracle account already exists. If not, use the following command to create

Useradd-goinstall-Gdba, operoracle; # The initial group is oinstall, and the valid group is dba, role

Passwdoracle; # set a password for the oracle account (login required during installation)

If the oracle account already exists, run the command usermod-g oinstall-G dba to add oracle to the group dba and region.

3). Modify the kernel parameters (under the root account ):

Edit the kernel parameter configuration file vi/etc/sysctl. conf and modify or add the following lines under the file:

Fs. file-max = 6815744

Fs. aio-max-nr = 1048576

Kernel. shmall = 2097152

Kernel. shmmax = 2147483648

Kernel. shmmni = 4096

Kernel. sem = 25032000100128

Net. ipv4.ip _ local_port_range = 900065500

Net. core. rmem_default = 262144

Net. core. rmem_max = 4194304

Net. core. wmem_default = 262144

Net. core. wmem_max = 1048576

Run the following command to make the preceding configuration take effect immediately:

Sysctl-p;

Execution error
Error: "net. bridge. bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key
Error: "net. bridge. bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key
Error: "net. bridge. bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key

Run the following command:

Modprobe bridge

If you try again, no error will be reported.

[Root @ kdzfu-test ~] # Sysctl-p
Net. ipv4.ip _ forward = 0
Net. ipv4.conf. default. rp_filter = 1
Net. ipv4.conf. default. accept_source_route = 0
Kernel. sysrq = 0
Kernel. core_uses_pid = 1
Net. ipv4.tcp _ syncookies = 1
Net. bridge. bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
Net. bridge. bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
Net. bridge. bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
Kernel. msgmnb = 65536
Kernel. msgmax = 65536
Kernel. shmmax = 68719476736
Kernel. shmall = 4294967296
Fs. file-max = 6815744
Fs. aio-max-nr = 1048576
Kernel. shmmni = 4096
Kernel. sem = 250 32000100 128
Net. ipv4.ip _ local_port_range = 9000 65500
Net. core. rmem_default = 262144
Net. core. rmem_max = 4194304
Net. core. wmem_default = 262144
Net. core. wmem_max = 1048576

4). Modify system resource limits (operate under the root account ):

Edit the system resource limit configuration file vi/etc/security/limits. conf and add the following lines under the file:

oraclesoftnproc2047

oraclehardnproc16384

oraclesoftnofile1024

oraclehardnofile65536

oraclesoftstack10240

5). Disable SELinux (operate under the root account ):

Edit the SELinux configuration file vim/etc/selinux/config and set the SELINUX value to disabled, as shown below:

SELINUX=disabled;

Modify the file so that SELinux is not started after the system is restarted. To disable SELinux, run the following command:

Setenforce0

6). create the required directory (under the root account ):

To install oracle in the/opt/oracle directory, create the directory:

mkdir/opt/oracle;

chownoracle:oinstall/opt/oracle;

Chmod755/opt/oracle;

7) you also need to set the Inventory directory during installation, so you need to create this directory:

mkdir/opt/oraInventory;

chownoracle:oinstall/opt/oraInventory;

Chmod755/opt/oraInventory;

8). Installation packages:

The installation package of Oracle 11g R2 is compressed into two files: linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip and linux.x64_11gr2_database204 f2.zip. upload them to the installation machine and decompress the package using databases to obtain a directory named database. I put it in/home/oracle/database.

Since the installation process is performed as oracle, make sure that the oracle account has the execution permission on/home/oracle/database. You can use the following command to grant the directory to all the oracle accounts, and have the execution permission:

chmod-R700/home/oracle/database;

Chown-R oracle: oinstall/home/oracle/database;

Log out of root and Log On As an oracle user

9). Set the environment for oracle Account Logon (logon as oracle ):

Edit the vi/home/oracle/. bash_profile file and add the following lines:

ORACLE_BASE =/opt/oracle; # installation directory

ORACLE_HOME = $ ORACLE_BASE/11g; # oracle Home Directory

ORACLE_SID = orcl; # Instance name

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib;

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin;

exportORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SIDLD_LIBRARY_PATHPATH;

After saving and exiting, run the following command to make the preceding settings take effect immediately:

source/home/oracle/.bash_profile

Set the default language for installation to English

echo'exportLANG=en_US.UTF-8'>>~/.bashrc

10). Start installation (Log On As an oracle user ):

/Home/oracle/database/runInstaller; # run this program to start Installation

The following figure shows the installation page.

Figure-1 enter an email and click next

Figure-2 I am prompted to set up a proxy because my installation is not connected to the Internet. Select the check box and click "Continue ".

Figure-3 select the first item, create and configure the database after installation, and click next

Figure-4 Select Server Class and click next

Figure-5 install in singleton mode (if RAC is installed, select the next option) and click next

Figure-6 select Advanced install and click next

Figure-7 select Simple Chinese and English.

Figure-8 select "Install Enterprise Edition" and click "next"

Figure-9 install the base directory and Home directory. Because we have set the environment variables ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME, you do not need to select them here. Click next

Figure-10 install as an oinstall group and click next

Figure-11 install the database for transaction processing (select the next item in the data warehouse) and click next

Figure-12 set the environment variable ORACLE_SID and click next

Figure-13.1 maximum memory available, Oracle recommends automatic memory management, click the Character sets tab to select the Character set

Figure-13.2 select UTF-8 as the database character set and click Sample Schemas to create the case provided by Oracle

Figure-13.3 select the check box and click next

Figure-14 set the parameters based on your needs. click next.

Figure-16 whether to enable automatic backup in the production environment

Figure-17 set a password for the system management account.

Figure-18 select the group to which the DBA account belongs, the group to which the dba account belongs, and click next

Figure-19 because the swap space is too small, the check fails and the swap space is expanded. Add about 1 GB

[Root @ oracle_test ~] # Dd if =/dev/zero of = swapfile bs = 1 M count = 1024

1024 + 0 records in

1024 + 0 records out

1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 12.8605 s, 83.5 MB/s

[Root @ oracle_test ~] # Mkswap swapfile

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1048572 KiB

No label, UUID = 796f3041-c278-4c72-b1b1-aa5d04fe2ad5

[Root @ oracle_test ~] # Swapon swapfile

Swapon:/root/swapfile: insecure permission0644,060 0 suggested.

[Root @ oracle_test ~] # Free-m

Total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 1826 325 68 8 1432 1284

Swap: 3071 0 3071

Re-check

Figure-19 the installer checks the environment. Because the 32bit packages of CentOS are i686, and oracle requires i386, the installation fails. ignore this. Click next

Figure-20 Click Finish to start Installation

Figure-21 is being installed.

Figure-21 install ing

Figure-22 retain, first execute the next step: Log On As root and execute the two sh files

11 ).If Chinese characters are garbled, refer to the following solutions.

(1) modify and display Chinese garbled characters and set the database character set to UTF8

Vim/etc/sysconfig/i18n

Check whether the content is LANG = "zh_CN.UTF-8"

(2) edit/home/oracle/. bash_profile and add the following in the last line:

NLS_LANG = "SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8 ";

Export NLS_LANG;

Run source/home/oracle/. bash_profile

12 ).Start the test and modify some system parameters.

[Oracle @ kdzfu-test ~] $ Sqlplus/as sysdba

SQL * Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Monday April 4 00:23:20 2016

Copyright (c) 1982,200 9, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connect:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0-64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown immediate;
The database has been closed.
The database has been detached.
The ORACLE routine has been disabled.
SQL> startup mount;
The ORACLE routine has been started.

Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes
Fixed Size 2213776 bytes
Variable Size 973080688 bytes
Database Buffers 620756992 bytes
Redo Buffers 7360512 bytes
The database has been loaded.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

The system has been changed.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES = 0;

The system has been changed.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

The database has been changed.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
The database has been closed.
The database has been detached.
The ORACLE routine has been disabled.
SQL> startup;
The ORACLE routine has been started.

Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes
Fixed Size 2213776 bytes
Variable Size 973080688 bytes
Database Buffers 620756992 bytes
Redo Buffers 7360512 bytes
The database has been loaded.
The database has been opened.
SQL>

13 ).Modify the startup script dbstart and disable the script dbshut.

First modify vim/etc/oratab

Change N from the last line to Y

Then modify the content of $ ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart.

Modify ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER = $1:

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER = $ ORACLE_HOME

Su-oracle

Dbstart # Start oracle

This is only the basic service for starting oracle databases and listening.

Services without three web pages are equivalent to the above two operations: sqlplus and lsnrtl start.

Dbshut stops oracle

Use the dbshut script to shut down the database and check whether the listening port is closed.

./Dbshut

[Oracle @ kdzfu-test bin] $./dbshut
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file/opt/oracle/11g/shutdown. log
[Oracle @ kdzfu-test bin] $ ss-tnlp
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address: Port Peer Address: Port
LISTEN 0 128: 22 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 *: 22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 631 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 631 :::*
LISTEN 0 128: 56535 :::*
LISTEN 0 100: 1: 25 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1: 25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6010 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6010 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6011 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6011 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6012 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6012 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6013 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6013 :::*
LISTEN 0 10 *: 3938 *: * users :( ("emagent", 22698,5 ))
LISTEN 0 30: 1158: * users :( ("java", 26990,19 ))
LISTEN 0 128 *: 35016 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 *: 111 *:*
LISTEN 0 30: 5520: * users :( ("java", 26990,14 ))

Listener disabled

[Oracle @ kdzfu-test bin] $ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production on-2016 00:49:00

Copyright (c) 1991,200 9, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
TNS-12541: TNS: no listeners
TNS-12560: TNS: protocol adapter error.
TNS-00511: no listeners
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = kdzfu-test) (PORT = 1521 )))
TNS-12541: TNS: no listeners
TNS-12560: TNS: protocol adapter error.
TNS-00511: no listeners
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused

Use the dbstart script to open the database and check whether the listening port is enabled.

[Oracle @ kdzfu-test bin] $./dbstart
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file/opt/oracle/11g/startup. log

Listener Enabled

[Oracle @ kdzfu-test bin] $ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production on-2016 00:51:32

Copyright (c) 1991,200 9, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
LISTENER STATUS
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production
Start Date:-2016 00:51:20
Normal operation time 0 days 0 hours 0 minutes 11 seconds
Tracking level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener parameter file/opt/oracle/11g/network/admin/listener. ora
Listener log file/opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/kdzfu-test/listener/alert/log. xml
Listener endpoint overview...
(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = ipc) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp) (HOST = kdzfu-test) (PORT = 1521 )))
Service summary ..
The Service "orcl" contains one instance.
Instance "orcl", status READY, contains 1 handler of this service...
The Service "orclXDB" contains one instance.
Instance "orcl", status READY, contains 1 handler of this service...
Command executed successfully

[Oracle @ kdzfu-test 11g] $ ss-tnlp
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address: Port Peer Address: Port
LISTEN 0 128: 1521: * users :( ("tnslsnr", 2937 ))
LISTEN 0 128: 22 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 *: 22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 631 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 631 :::*
LISTEN 0 128: 56535 :::*
LISTEN 0 100: 1: 25 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1: 25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6010 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6010 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6011 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6011 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6012 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6012 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1: 6013 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 1: 6013 :::*
LISTEN 0 10 *: 3938 *: * users :( ("emagent", 22698,5 ))
LISTEN 0 128: 31619: * users :( ("oracle", 29484,17 ))
LISTEN 0 30: 1158: * users :( ("java", 29182,18 ))
LISTEN 0 128 *: 35016 *:*
LISTEN 0 128: 111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 *: 111 *:*
LISTEN 0 30: 5520: * users :( ("java", 29182,14 ))

14 ).To allow other computers to access the manager, open port 1158 to the firewall.

Note: If the host firewall is to be enabled, port 1521 must be enabled.

Run

Iptables-I INPUT-p tcp -- dport 1158-j ACCEPT

Iptables-I INPUT-p tcp -- dport 1521-j ACCEPT

/Etc/rc. d/init. d/iptables save

/Etc/rc. d/init. d/iptables restart

15 ).Modify/etc/oratab

Su-root

# Vim/etc/oratab

Find

# Replace $ ORACLE_HOME with the value of $ ORACLE_HOME, and $ SID with the value of $ SID.

$ SID: $ ORACLE_HOME: N

Change

$ SID: $ ORACLE_HOME: Y

Change the configuration file to the following:

Orcl:/opt/oracle/11g: Y

16 ).Edit startup close script

# Vim/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle

#! /Bin/bash

# Chkconfig: 234 61 61

# Description: Oracle 11g AutoRun Service

#/Etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle

Case "$1" in

Start)

# Starts oracle listener and instance

Echo "Starting Oracle Database :"

Su-oracle-lc "lsnrctl start"

Su-oracle-lc dbstart

Su-oracle-lc "emctl start dbconsole"

;;

Stop)

# Shutdown oracle linstener and instance

Echo "Shuting down Oracle Database :"

Su-oracle-lc "lsnrctl stop"

Su-oracle-lc dbshut

Su-oracle-lc "emctl stop dbconsole"

;;

Reload | restart)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

*)

Echo "Usage: {start | stop | reload | restart }"

Exit 1

Esac

Exit0

17). Grant the execution permission to the script and check whether the script can be correctly executed.

# Cd/etc/rc. d/init. d

Chmod + x oracle

#./Oracle stop

[Root @ kdzfu-test init. d] #./oracle stop
Shuting down Oracle Database:

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production on-2016 01:37:02

Copyright (c) 1991,200 9, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
Command executed successfully
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file/opt/oracle/11g/shutdown. log
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996,200 9 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Https: // kdzfu-test: 1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control...
... Stopped.

./Oracle start

[Root @ kdzfu-test init. d] #./oracle start
Starting Oracle Database:

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production on-2016 01:41:41

Copyright (c) 1991,200 9, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Start/opt/oracle/11g/bin/tnslsnr: Please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production
The system parameter file is/opt/oracle/11g/network/admin/listener. ora.
Write/opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/kdzfu-test/listener/alert/log. xml log information
Listener: (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = ipc) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
Listener: (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp) (HOST = kdzfu-test) (PORT = 1521 )))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
LISTENER STATUS
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0-Production
Start Date:-2016 01:41:41
Normal operation time 0 days 0 hours 0 minutes 0 seconds
Tracking level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener parameter file/opt/oracle/11g/network/admin/listener. ora
Listener log file/opt/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/kdzfu-test/listener/alert/log. xml
Listener endpoint overview...
(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = ipc) (KEY = EXTPROC1521 )))
(DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp) (HOST = kdzfu-test) (PORT = 1521 )))
The Listener does not support services.
Command executed successfully
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file/opt/oracle/11g/startup. log
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996,200 9 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Https: // kdzfu-test: 1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated in directory/opt/oracle/11g/kdzfu-test_orcl/sysman/log

18 ).Run the following command: # Add boot and soft link

# Chmod 750/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle

# Ln-s/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle/etc/rc2.d/S61oracle

# Ln-s/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle/etc/rc3.d/S61oracle

# Ln-s/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle/etc/rc4.d/S61oracle

# Ln-s/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle/etc/rc5.d/S61oracle

# Ln-s/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle/etc/rc0.d/K61oracle

# Ln-s/etc/rc. d/init. d/oracle/etc/rc6.d/K61oracle

# Chkconfig -- add oracle

# Chkconfig -- level 234 oracle on

Note: When chkconfig is executed, you must add at least two lines of comments to the script (in step 1). The first line tells chkconfig the running level of the service, the second line adds a brief description of the service.

19) restart the linux operating system and check whether oracle is automatically started.