Introduction to various software installation methods and more friendly package management software on Linux platform, linux installation methods

Introduction to various software installation methods and more friendly package management software on Linux platform, linux installation methods
I. Four Methods for installing and uninstalling software on Linux platform 1. Installing and uninstalling the source code package

Advantages:Best performance and stability

Disadvantages:Installation is a little complicated and error-prone

Generally, software source code packages are compressed. The compression formats are gz and bz (or bz2.

Source code package format: *** .tar.gz (or bz, bz2 ).

As shown in, it is the PHP source code package:

The following describes how to install and uninstall the source code package (taking the PHP installation package as an example:

1) installation:

Step 1: unzip the installation package

Gz suffix with: tar-zxvf php-5.5.14.tar.gz

Bz (or bz2) Suffix with: tar-jxvf php-5.5.14.tar.bz2

Step 2: Enter the directory for configuration

Cd php-5.5.14

./Configure (Note: The configure command has many parameters, which will not be detailed here .)

Step 3: Compile

Make

Step 4: Install

Make install

(Tip: Run make and make install together and use make & make install)

2) uninstall

Go to the installation directory and run the make uninstall command to uninstall the SDK.

2. Install and uninstall the RPM package

RPM is the abbreviation of RedHat Package Manager (RedHat Package management tool). Although the file format name is marked with RedHat, its original design concept is open, now it includes OpenLinux, S. u. s. e. as well as distribution versions of Linux such as Turbo Linux have been adopted, it can be regarded as an industry standard.

Advantages:Simple and Convenient

Disadvantages:Require package dependency

As shown in, it is the MySQL RPM package:

 

1) installation:

Directly go to the directory and run the file.

/MySQL-server-5.7.3_m13-1.el6.i686.rpm

2) Find the package:

Rpm-qa MySQL-server *

3) Find the installation path:

Rpm-SQL MySQL-server-5.7.3

4) uninstall:

Rpm e MySQL-server-5.7.3

3. DEB package installation and uninstallation

Advantages:Simple and Convenient

Disadvantages:Require package dependency

DEB is a file extension in the Debian software package format. Like Debian, DEB is also named after Debra Murdock. She is the wife of Debian founder Ian Murdock.

DEB and RPM form two camps of package management tools in the Linux operating system.

1) installation:

Dpkg-I <package. deb>

2) uninstall:

Dpkg-r <package>

4. BIN package installation and uninstallation 1) installation:

Grant the binfile execution permission to run directly.

2) uninstall:

Go to the installed directory and delete all files.

2. More friendly package management software 1. YUM

Advantages:Simple, convenient, and solution to package Dependencies

Yum (all called Yellow dog Updater, Modified) is a Shell front-end Package Manager in Fedora, RedHat, SUSE, and CentOS. Based on RPM package management, You can automatically download and install the RPM package from the specified server, and automatically handle dependencies. you can install all dependent software packages at a time without the need for tedious download and installation.

Note: The specific command is not detailed here.

2. APT

Advantages:Simple, convenient, and solution to package Dependencies

APT is an installation Packaging management Tool in Linux.

Note: The specific command is not detailed here.

 

Iii. Summary

This article describes four software installation methods in Linux. If YUM and APT are added, there are six installation methods. The six environments are as follows:

1. If you need secure, stable, and all software under control, and you are familiar with the source code compilation and installation method, select the first source code package installation method.

2. If the software you download is in rpm, deb, and bin formats, you can only select the appropriate installation method, but install the corresponding dependent package in advance.

3. If you are connected to the Internet and apt is available by default in Ubuntu, we recommend that you use apt to download and install software online. yum is available by default in redhat, we recommend that you use yum to download and install software online. Through online download, it is more accurate and convenient, and can solve software dependency problems.

Package Installation Management Program for linux release

You can allocate the source of Fedora to yum (the release version is not limited, as long as yum is installed), or the Ubuntu source to apt (also not limited to the release version ). The configuration method is based on the software package management program and has nothing to do with the release version (each release may have their own configuration preferences ), generally, the new source configuration file (/etc/yum. repos. d,/etc/apt/sources. list. d ).

If you need any software and the release version is not included, compile it from the source code (you can make it an rpm or deb package and then hand it over to the software package management program for unified management ), other releases may cause problems.

There are several ways to install linux software.

1. Deb package installation method
Deb is the package management method for debian Linux, and ubuntu is a debian Linux release. Therefore, this software installation method is supported by default. After downloading the software to a deb format, enter this command on the terminal to install:
Sudo dpkg-I *. deb
2. Compilation and installation methods
(TIPS: before using the compilation and installation, you must first establish the compilation environment and use the following command to create the basic compilation environment: sudo apt-get install build-essential)
In the world of linux, many software products only provide the source code for you. When you compile and install the software, the general source software will use the tar.gz compression file for release. Of course, there are other forms.
Obtain the source code compressed file, decompress it to the/tmp directory, enter the/tmp/software directory, and then execute the following three commands:
1./configure2 make3 sudo make install
The first step./configure may prompt that some software cannot be found. For example, if the libgnome Development Kit cannot be found, copy the keyword libgnome and open the new software manager,
Search for the keyword libgnome in it, and you will find the libgnome-related project. Put the libgnome package with the ubuntu symbol in front. (Note: you also need to install the dev package, but do not install the doc package) install all,
By using this method, it is okay to install all the missing Development kits in the./configure process. The first step can be passed smoothly. The second and third steps are basically not a problem.
These are the basic methods for compiling and installing ubuntu!
3. Apt-get Installation Method
Sudo apt-get install software name
4. New software package management
Open: System-system management-new software package management. This tool is actually the same as apt. You can search, download, and install the software in the ubuntu source. The installation method is very simple. You should understand the interface,
I will not go into details.
5. Binary Package Installation Method
Many non-open-source commercial software will use this method to release Linux software, such as google earth. After obtaining the binary software, put it in the/tmp directory and enter the installation directory under the terminal, run the following command in the installation directory:
./Install the software by following the step-by-step prompts.
6. How to install the rpm package
The rpm package is the most common package management method outside the deb package, but ubuntu can also use the rpm software resources ^ _ ^. First, we need to install a rpm-to-deb Software
Sudo apt-get install alien
Then you can convert the rpm-format software into the deb format:
Alien-d *. rpm
Then you can install the software using deb.