| Structure |
The |
| Character |
| \\ |
Backslash character |
| \ r |
Carriage return character (' \u000d ') |
| \ n |
New lines (line break) (' \u000a ') |
| Character class |
| [ABC] |
a,b or c |
| [^ABC] |
Any character except a,b , or C (negation) |
[A-za-z]
|
a to z or a to z, the letters at both ends are included (range) |
| [A-d[m-p]] |
a to D or m to p:[a-dm-p](set) |
| [A-z&&[def]] |
d,e or F(intersection) |
| [A-Z&&[^BC]] |
a to Z, except for b and C:[ad-z](minus) |
| [A-z&&[^m-p]] |
a to z, not m to p:[a-lq-z](minus) |
| Predefined character classes |
| . |
Any character (may or may not match the line terminator) |
| \d |
Numbers:[0-9] |
| \d |
Non-numeric: [^0-9] |
| \s |
whitespace characters:[\t\n\x0b\f\r] |
| \s |
Non-whitespace characters:[^\s] |
| \w |
any word character that includes an underscore :[a-za-z0-9_] |
| \w |
Non-word characters:[^\w] |
| Boundary Matching Device |
| ^ |
The beginning of the line |
| $ |
End of Line |
| \b |
Word boundaries |
| \b |
Non-word boundary |
| \a |
Start of input |
| \g |
End of last match |
| \z |
The end of the input, only for the last terminator (if any) |
| \z |
End of input |
| Greedy number of words |
| X? |
X, not once or once |
| X* |
X, 0 or more times |
| X+ |
X, one or more times |
| X{n} |
X, exactly n times |
| X{n,} |
X, at least n times |
| X{n,m} |
X, at least n times, but not more than m times |
| Reluctant number of words |
| X ?? |
X, not once or once |
| X *? |
X, 0 or more times |
| X +? |
X, one or more times |
| X {n}? |
X, exactly n times |
| X {n,}? |
X, at least n times |
| X {n,m}? |
X, at least n times, but not more than m Times |
| possessive number of words |
| X ?+ |
X, not once or once |
| X *+ |
X, 0 or more times |
| X ++ |
X, one or more times |
| X {n}+ |
X, exactly n times |
| X {n,}+ |
X, at least n times |
| X {n,m}+ |
X, at least n times, but not more than m Times |
| Logical operator |
| XY |
X followed by Y |
| X | Y |
X or Y |
| (X) |
X, as capturing group |
| Back reference |
| \ N |
Any matching n-th capturing group |
| References |
| \ |
Nothing, but references the following characters |
| \q |
Nothing, but all characters are quoted until \e |
| \e |
Nothing, but the end of the reference starting from \q |