Javascript-which languages have the smallest and cleanest kernel?

Which kernel is the smallest and the cleanest programming language will exist on the backbone of evolution. The smaller the kernel design of a language, the more clean it is, the more powerful it is.

Which kernel is the smallest and the cleanest programming language will exist on the backbone of evolution.
The smaller the kernel design of a language, the cleaner it is, the more tenacious its vitality-hacker and painter

So what language kernel design is small and clean?

Reply content:

Which kernel is the smallest and the cleanest programming language will exist on the backbone of evolution.
The smaller the kernel design of a language, the cleaner it is, the more tenacious its vitality-hacker and painter

So what language kernel design is small and clean?

In fact, Graham refers to LISP. He is really fond of this language and has repeatedly praised it by hackers and painters.

According to his small and clean definition of the language kernel, I think we may not have a programming language (I mean at least the top 20 in tibench) to meet this standard.

Graham refers to the small and clean language kernel. In my opinion, it mainly refers to the less rule and more compact of the language, rather than the upper-layer architecture (tool chain, function library, design ideas, etc ). LISP satisfies this definition. If you have learned a little about LISP, you will know that the core of LISP language can be learned almost one afternoon. This is obviously simple and small, clean these words.

We all know that, no matter what language you use, although they provide different features, they actually have the same expressive ability, that is, they are all completely Turing languages. The same expression ability is the same, but different languages provide different abstract layers, which then shows that the language is easy to use. As a language for humans, it is clear that the higher the abstraction level, the more support the common patterns, the better the use, the higher the development efficiency. Modern development languages are mostly used for engineering purposes. Therefore, if we use a simple kernel as the design idea, we can easily see that there are a large number of repetitive inventions, low development efficiency, and error-prone. Therefore, from the perspective of engineering, we will add many non-core "spices". Therefore, in this sense, most modern languages are oriented to engineering needs, so they often do not have this feature.

In addition, if the subject is interested in such "clean" languages, you can look at some academic languages.
There are a lot of interesting languages, which may satisfy your curiosity :-)

Lua Programming Language

It is unclear how this book is defined.Programming Language KernelThis concept.
If you only use basic configurations in advanced languages such as the memory allocation mechanism and stack management policy, these languages are not quite different.
However, if it involves a comprehensive comparison of the runtime environment and interpreter, it is obvious that C, golang, and other languages that require the runtime environmentCleanA lot.

I think the closer I write to natural languages, the more tenacious I will be.

Lua + 1.

Brazilian football is not only amazing, Lua makes us blushing.

At this stage,PythonShould it be the closest to natural language?

IO
IO
IO

A language with only five BNF entries

A programming language may include compilers, virtual machines, garbage collection (GC), etc. If these are all added together, then the C language is the easiest.

Seriously, Scheme's formal language standard (R5RS) has only 50 pages. It seems that the latest R7RS has 80 pages.
I have used Haskell to write about four hundred lines of scheme interpreters. Although it is not based entirely on the standard, it is enough to do exercises in the first three chapters (I haven't seen the fourth chapter.

If you are not serious about it, Brainfuck, WhiteSpace, and other wonderful languages.

Brainfuck and WhiteSpace language interpreter used for practice: https://github.com/Alaya-in-Matrix/Anjelica

Lisp
Wiki

lispStrictly speaking, there are only nine syntax rules. The rest are syntactic sugar.
HaskellI don't know much about it, because it's just a beginner who just finds that many things defined above are just syntactic sugar and optimization of these sugar.

It is obviously lisp.

Young Artists in programming languages are not lisp.

Script: lua

Lua Programming Language + 1

Speaking of the kernel, we have never seen anything more concise than Lua.
Let's take a look at the Lua source code and write it very well. In just 24000 lines, a powerful extension language is implemented.

Scheme + 1

I think the C kernel is small enough because it has almost no kernel.

Some people think that the scheme kernel is small. I think this is only a superficial phenomenon. The size of the kernel cannot be measured based on the number of pages in the scheme standard. If we don't mention anything else, we can just recycle the memory so that its kernel is not small or clean.

10100010101001011101

Isn't it an assembly language ??

The cleanest one is 01, or the diode switch is more in-depth.

I don't know which language the Linux kernel must be clean.