Laravel implements database migration and supports Chinese filling, while laravel supports Chinese.

Laravel implements database migration and supports Chinese filling, while laravel supports Chinese.

Preface

Database migration is actually to control the version of the database table structure changes. The method of modifying the database table structure is relatively primitive. For example, a field is added to a database table, execute alter table xxx add directly in the database table .. but this method has some drawbacks. For example, in the development stage, you have modified your own database and table, and you have to pass this SQL statement to others for execution, this is not a good method for collaborative development. is there a way for us to make some simple version control for the modification of database tables, while also allowing others to easily synchronize our changes to the database?

The answer is that we can use Laravel's built-in Migrations.

What is the management of the database?

Laravel manages database versions in two departments: database structure management and data management.

• Database Structure Management: It mainly manages the database structure, such as adding a table and adding a field to a table.
• Data Management: This mainly manages the data in the table and generates some fill data to solve the problem of no test data during development and debugging.

We often conduct collaborative development by project teams. Everyone is in their own local database. If you have asked your colleagues to manually add fields to the database structure, database migration can solve this problem.

In addition, online deployment also avoids the trouble of manually importing a database or manually modifying the data structure. data migration helps you easily maintain the data structure.

Data filling makes it easy to batch fill a large amount of data without having to create data one by one during testing.

This article is based on Laravel5.5 and similar to other versions.

Data Migration

If we need a student table, we will not use native SQL statements to create the table.

Create a migration File

The premise is that the database connection information has been configured.

php artisan make:migration create_students_table

This command will generate a file similar to pai_10_28_035802_create_students_table.php in the database/migrations/directory.

Add the data structure of the students table

<? Phpuse Illuminate \ Database \ Migrations \ Migration; use Illuminate \ Database \ Schema \ Blueprint; use Illuminate \ Support \ Facades \ Schema; class CreateStudentsTable extends Migration {/*** Run the migrations. ** @ return void */public function up () {// students indicates the table name Schema: create ('students', function (Blueprint $ table) {// storage engine $ table-> engine = 'innodb'; // id auto-increment $ table-> increments ('id '); // Student name $ table-> string ('name'); // gender $ table-> string ('sex '); // email $ table-> string ('email '); // favorite color $ table-> string ('favorite _ color '); // mobile phone number $ table-> string ('phone'); // address $ table-> string ('addr '); // automatically maintain the timestamp $ table-> timestamps () ;}/ *** Reverse the migrations. ** @ return void */public function down () {Schema: dropIfExists ('students ');}}

For more information, see the official manual.

Run migration

php artisan migrate

In this way, all migration files in the database/migrations/directory are run, and the migrations table is created automatically to record the running migration files to prevent repeated operations.

Let's see if the database has automatically created the students table.

If the following error occurs:

[Illuminate\Database\QueryException]SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1071 Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes (SQL: alter table users add unique users_email_unique(email))[PDOException]SQLSTATE[42000]: Syntax error or access violation: 1071 Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

In the database/migrations/directory, two migration files, laravel user and password reset, will be run together.
Here we can solve this problem by modifying the mysql character set in config/database. php of the database configuration file to utf8.

'charset' => 'utf8','collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',

Want to know why, can stamp: http://www.bkjia.com/article/127319.htm

Data filling (Chinese supported)

Create a student table Eloquent Model

Create Student. php In the app directory

<? Phpnamespace App; use Illuminate \ Database \ Eloquent \ Model;/*** Student Model */class Student extends Model {}

Create a filling File

php artisan make:seed StudentsTableSeeder

This command will generate the StudentsTableSeeder. php filling file in the database/seeds/directory.

<? Phpuse Illuminate \ Database \ Seeder; class StudentsTableSeeder extends Seeder {/*** Run the database seeds. ** @ return void */public function run () {// call the model factory to generate 10000 pieces of data factory (App \ Student: class, 10000) -> create ();}}

Call this Seeders

Open the database/seeds/DatabaseSeeder. php file and modify it

<? Phpuse Illuminate \ Database \ Seeder; class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder {/*** Run the database seeds. ** @ return void */public function run () {// call the student table filling File $ this-> call (StudentsTableSeeder: class );}}

Create model factory fill

php artisan make:factory StudentsFactory -m Student

This command will generate the StudentsFactory. php file in the database/factories/directory. Let's define the data format to be filled.

<? Phpuse Faker \ Generator as Faker;/* @ var Illuminate \ Database \ Eloquent \ Factory $ factory */$ factory-> define (App \ Student: class, function (Faker $ faker) {$ sex = rand (1, 1000); return ['name' => $ faker-> name, 'Sex '=> $ sex % 2 = 0? 'Male': 'female ', 'email' => $ faker-> unique ()-> safeEmail, 'favorite _ color' => $ faker-> safeColorName, 'phone' => $ faker-> phoneNumber, 'add' => $ faker-> address,];});

For more configuration information, see the file vendor/fzaninotto/faker/src/Faker/Generator. php.

Fill faker with Chinese characters

Public function boot () {// fill in Chinese data $ this-> app-> singleton (\ Faker \ Generator: class, function () {return \ Faker \ Factory :: create ('zh _ cn ');});}

Start filling

First, execute:

composer dump-autoload

Automatically load the filling file we created in the database/seeds/directory to avoid the following errors:

[ReflectionException]Class StudentsTableSeeder does not exist

Then run the fill command:

php artisan db:seed

Because we are filling in 10 thousand pieces of data, we can take a little longer, and we can refresh the database to view the added data one by one.

Success

If no error is reported in the preceding operations, check whether the students table in our database has data?

Id	Name	Sex	Email	Favorite_color	Phone	Addr	Created_at	Updated_at
10000	Tan Ying	Male	Cum_et@example.com	White	17642207316	Hailing district, Guiyang	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9999	Tang shuzhen	Male	Qlaudantium@example.net	Black	18239453935	Nanning friendly zone	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9998	Jia Chunmei	Male	Ea35@example.com	Corn color	17103645128	Xiaoshan District, Changsha	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9997	Ji Zhiming	Male	Cdeleniti@example.com	Gray	17002359608	Huaxi district, Tianjin	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9996	Cheng Yan	Male	Aspernatur.aut@example.com	Yellow	17181193397	: 19, Xishan district, Guiyang:	10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9995	Mibo	Male	Reprehenderit_autem@example.com	Purple	17187328893	Guangzhou dongli District	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9994	Lan Shulan	Female	Et_ea@example.com	Green	18592254358	Lanzhou Economic Development New District	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9993	Leyao	Female	Vel.vitae@example.org	Zang Qing	15891490007	Hong Kong Longtan District:	10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9992	Ye Zhixin	Female	Lcumque@example.net	Zang Qing	15564391466	Beijing Gaoming District	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9991	Yan Yang	Male	Voluptatem00@example.com	Yellow	17097722096	Xincheng district, Zhengzhou	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9990	Ling min	Female	Magni22@example.org	Fresh green	13021578051	Hangzhou Fuling District	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9989	XI Jian	Female	Fugiat_accusantium@example.net	Purple	18070573726	Hailing district, Nanchang	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10
9988	Xin Hua	Female	Debitis_sapiente@example.com	Water Color	17004061646	Chengdu Nanchang District	2017-10-28 05:19:10	2017-10-28 05:19:10

......

Summary

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