LINUX Basic Management Content

1, installation mode selection

Minimized, Basic installation

2. Software source Settings

/etc/yum.repo.d/

Centos-base.repo set up a network member

Centos-media.repo Setting the Local Disk source

YUM&NBSP, --disablerepo =\*&NBSP, --enablerepo = C6 -media

Http://note.youdao.com/share/?id=a91e2014091efacd44de359f885a0494&type=note

System installation Epel and rpmfushion two software warehouses

CentOS 6

RPM-UVH http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/updates/6/i386/rpmfusion-free-release-6-1.noarch.rpm

(Whenyum appears "Error:cannot retrieve Metalink for Repository:epel. Verify its path and try again "edit the Epel.repo comment mirrorlist line and uncomment the BaseURL line. Run yum clean all && yum Makecache to resolve )

3. Network Settings

Http://note.youdao.com/share/?id=6e361ce7a88dd7ed3d8b5b14d3f0b2c0&type=note

Ifconfig eth0 192.168 ....

IP route add default GW. 192.168

Vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Vi/etc/sysconfig/network

Vi/etc/resolv.conf

4. iso file mount

Mount–o Loop Linuxsetup.iso/mnt/iso1

Mount-t/dev/cdrom/media/

5. System Configuration Service

Text Ntsysv

Graphical: system-config-services

Command Chkconfig--list

Chkconfig--level 345 ntf off

6. SSH Configuration

Install SCP

Yum Install Openssh-clients-y

SCP [email protected]: [email protected]:

Ssh-keygen-t RSA/DSA

7. NTP server

Update Time Ntpdate 192.168.100.222

Query Ntpq-p 192.168.100.222

Write time to BIOS hwclock-w

Automatic Update time

Edit/etc/crontab

8 * * * root/usr/ntpdate 192.168.100.222;/sbin/hwclock-w

Graphical interface System-config-date

8. Scheduled Tasks

Crontab-l # Viewing Scheduled Tasks

Crontab-e #编辑任务

The format of the schedule table is as follows:

F1 F2 f3 f4 f5 Program 
where F1 is expressed in minutes, F2 represents hours, F3 represents the day of the month, F4 represents the month, and F5 represents the day of the one week. Program represents the procedure to be executed.
When F1 is * indicates that every minute the program,f2 is executed, the program is executed every hour, and the remainder of the analogy
when the F1 is a-B, it is executed from the time of the minute to the minute of the hour, and the F2 is a-B indicating that it is executed from the first to the first, and the remainder of the analogy
when F1 is */n, it is performed once every n minutes, and F2 is */n for every n-hour interval, with the remainder of the other analogy
when F1 is a, B, C,... A, B, C,... Minutes to execute, F2 for a, B, C,... The time indicated that the first, B, c ... Hours to execute, and the rest of the analogy
The user can also store all the settings in the file file, using the crontab file to set the time schedule.
Example:
the/bin/ls is performed at the first 0 minutes of every day per month:
0 7 * * */bin/ls
  
in December, the/usr/bin/backup is performed every 20 minutes in the morning from 6 to 12 hours per day:
0 6-12/3 */usr/bin/backup
  
Monday to Friday every 5:00 send a letter to [email protected]:
0 * * 1-5 mail-s "HI" [email protected]/dev/null 2>&1

9. Firewall settings

Iptables--list #显示防火墙规则表

Iptables-t filter-a input-s 192.168.100.*/24-j DROP

Iptables-save > Save Script

Iptables-t filter-a input-i-S--dport 22-j ACCEPT

System-config-firewall

Fwbuilder Firewall Tools

L7-filter 7-Layer Filtration

10. Performance monitoring

/proc/cpuinfo Meminfo Loadavg

Uptime

Watch-n-Free Timer view memory

NTOP Network Performance Graph monitoring

Sar-u 3

11. Log Analysis

Webalizer

Tail-f/var/log/access.log

12. Common commands

Yum Install software

1. List all software updates that can be updated
Command: Yum check-update

2. Install all UPDATE software
Command: Yum update

3. Install only the specified software
Command: Yum install <package_name>

4. Update only the specified software
Command: Yum update <package_name>

5. List all the software that can be installed

Command: Yum list

6. Enquiry

Yum Search keyword

5. List all packages installed but not in Yum Repository

Command: Yum list extras

6. List the specified packages
Command: Yum list <package_name>

7. Use Yum to get package information
Command: Yum info <package_name>

8. Listing information for all packages
Command: Yum Info

9. List all updatable package information
Command: Yum info updates

1. Clear the packages under the cache directory (/var/cache/yum)
Order: Yum Clean Packages

13. Desktop

1. Display the components that the system has installed, and the components that can be installed:

#yum grouplist|grep-i "X Window"

2. If the system is installed at the beginning of the installation with minimal installation, Xwindow is not installed, then first install:

#yum groupinstall "X window System"

3. Installing the GNOME desktop environment

Yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment"

4. Installing the KDE desktop environment

Yum Groupinstall "KDE (K Desktop environment)"

Yum Groupinstall "KDE Desktop"

5. Uninstalling the GNOME desktop ring

Yum groupremove "GNOME Desktop Environment"

6. Uninstalling the KDE desktop environment

Yum Groupremove "KDE (K Desktop environment)"

Turn on the text interface and switch from the text interface to the graphical interface:

Method 1: Run the command

#startx, you need to configure the graphical interface information first

Method 2: Modify the/etc/inittab file in the

Id:3:initdefault, change 3 to 5 and restart the system;

Method 3: Enter the graphical interface: Init 5

Entering the text interface from the graphical interface: Init 3

Restart: Init 6

Shutdown: Init 3

In a real-world environment, the shortcut switches between the graphical interface and the text interface:

Ctrl+alt+f (n), where F (n) is F1-f6, is 6 consoles;

Ctrl+alt+f7;

14. View Hardware

View CPU Status Cat/proc/cpuinfo | grep name | Cut-d:-f2 | Uniq-c

Cat/proc/cpuinfo | grep Physical | Sort-n | Uniq-c

Lsmod|grep "KVM"

This article is from the "Stupid Life" blog, make sure to keep this source http://chuanrensheng.blog.51cto.com/159174/1600012

LINUX Basic Management Content