Linux Basic notes (i)

" 1.1 "The choice of the system

C entos:

CentOS(Community Enterprise Operating System) is One of the Linux distributions that comes from Red Hat Enterprise Linux according toOpen Source Codespecifies that the source code released is compiled. Because of the sameSource Code, so some require a high degree of stabilityServeruse CentOS instead of the commercial version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux . The difference between the two is that CentOS does not contain a closed Source CodeSoftware.

Debian:

Broad-SenseDebianrefers to a cooperative organization and its works that are committed to creating a free operating system, due to the many kernel branches of the Debian projectLinuxmacro Core, and Most of the basic tools created by Debian developers are derived from GNUproject, so "Debian" often means Debian Gnu/linux.

unofficial kernel branches and only support x86 . Debian Gnu/hurd(HurdMicro - core), only supports AMD64 Dyson(OpenSolarismixed kernels), and so on. These unofficial branches have some serious problems, ornamental more than the practicality, such as Hurd Micro-core is technically immature, and Dyson basic function is still imperfect.

"Debian" is formally pronounced as /?d? Bi.? n/ ,Debian is an international collaborative project, and the official does not specify any non-English names.

"1.2" Disk partitioning

Disks and partitions

--the partition of the hard disk has primary partition, extended partition and logical partition. A hard disk can have up to 4 primary partitions, where one primary partition can be replaced with an extended partition, and a hard disk can have only one extended partition, where multiple logical partitions may be partitioned within the extended partition.

Device name of the disk partition

In Linux , users use device names to access devices, and disks are no exception.

The disk device name is as follows:

first ide The hard disk of the interface is called /dev/ h and so on. The partition is represented by a numeric number. such as: /dev/hda1  /dev/hdb2

- the number 1~4 is reserved for primary or extended partitions, and the logical partition number starts with 5 .

- The name of the Sas/scsi/sata/usb interface hard disk is /dev/sd [A-p] representation.

in the W indows The system uses the disk character to identify different partitions, while the Linux use the partition's device name to identify the different partitions:

Note: The numeric number 1-4 is reserved for primary or extended partitions, and the logical partition number starts at 5 .

High-scale enterprise partitioning scheme:

/boot 200MB

/50GB

/ var 20GB

Swap 2048

/ usr 100GB /usr/local

/Home 100GB

/ and swap Most important must exist

"1.3"vitrualbox use

"1.4" installation demo

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.4/isos/x86_64/ Centos-6.4-x86_64-bin-dvd1.iso   

"1.5" Network configuration

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Device=eth0

Bootproto=static

Hwaddr=08:00:27:f0:95:dd

ipaddr=192.168.1.150

netmask=255.255.255.0

gateway=192.168.1.1

Onboot=yes

"1.6" Changes the language environment

/etc/sysconfig/i18n

"1. 7 " Toggle Boot Level

/etc/inittab

"1. "VIRTUALBOX  Backup and cloning magical