Linux Basics (File system and file type)

Recently re-reviewed the knowledge of Linux, intends to launch a blog here to backup and knowledge restudying.

1. linux file system and file type:

/boot: Boot file directory, kernel files (vmlinuz), boot loader (bootloader,grub) are stored in this directory
/bin: Basic commands for all users, cannot be associated to separate partitions, OS startup uses this program
/ Sbin: The basic command of the management class, cannot be associated to a separate partition, the program that is used by OS startup
/lib: Based on shared library files, and kernel module files (/lib/modules)
/lib64: The location of the secondary shared library files dedicated to x86_64 systems
/etc: Configuration file directory (plain text file)
/home/username: Normal User directory
/root: Administrator's home directory
/media: Portable mobile device mount point:
CDROM
USB
/ MNT: Temporary file system mount point
/dev: Device files and special file storage locations
B:block device; random access
C:character device linear access
/OPT: Location of third-party application installation
/ SRV: Data used by services running on the system
/temp: Temporary file storage location
/usr:universal shared, read-only data
Bin: An application that guarantees the full functionality of the system
Sbin: Only the command path that the administrator uses
Lib:
Lib64:
include: (header Files)
Share: Structured independent data, columns such as Doc,man
Local: The installation location of the third-party application
Bin,sbin,lib.lib64,etc,share
/var:variable data Files
Cache: application cache directory;
Lib: Application state information data;
Local: Variable data for applications that are specific to/usr/local
Lock: Lock file
Log: Log directory and file
Opt: dedicated to storing variable book data for applications under/OPT
Run: Process-related data in progress , typically used to store a process's PID file
Spool: Application Data Pool
tmp: Save temporary data generated between system two reboots

    /proc:用于输出内核与进程信息相关的虚拟文件系统    /sys：用于输出当前系统上硬件设备相关信息的虚拟文件系统    /selinux:security  enhanecd  Linux 相关安全策略等信息的存储位置

2. Components of the application on Linux:

二进制程序：/bin,/sbin,/usr/bin,/usr/sbin,/usr/local/bin,/usr/local/sbin库文件：/lib,/lib64,/usr/lib,/usr/lib64,/usr/local/lib,/usr/local/lib64配置文件：/etc,/etc/DIRCTORY,/usr/local/etc帮助文件：/usr/share/man,/usr/share/doc,/usr/local/share/man,/usr/local/share/doc

File types under Linux:
-(f): Ordinary documents
D: Catalog file
B: Block device
C: Character device
L: Symbolic Link file (soft link)
P: Pipeline File
S: Socket file: Sochet
System administration Commands:
Reboot,shutdown,init 6
Restart: Reboot Shuntdown init6
Shutdown: Halt,poweroff,shutdown,init 0
Shutdown or restart:
Halt,poweroff reboot
-F: is a mandatory parameter without calling shutdown
-P: Power off

3. User login Information View command:
WHOAMI: Displays the currently logged in active user
Who: System all current logon sessions
W: All current logon sessions and actions done by the system

Linux Basics (File system and file type)