Linux Basics Learning Essay

All commands in the history output operation

Ctrl+p the output History command to scroll up.

The CTRL + N output History command scrolls down.

CTRL+B cursor Shift Left

CTRL+F Cursor Right Shift

CTRL + A cursor moves to the beginning

Ctrl+e cursor moves to end of line

Ctrl+l Clear Screen

Tab Smart Tips

Tab press two consecutive times to list all the commands or all subdirectories in that directory

/bin commonly used commands, such as date, LS, CAT,CP, etc.

/boot needs something to boot.

/dev Device Directory

/etc configuration files required for system management

Home directory for all users

/lib stores the most basic dynamic shared library of Linux systems, and it works with DDL files in Windows, and almost all applications need these shared libraries

/media system If you can automatically mount the U-disk, optical drive and other things, right here. Content inside is the content of the U disk

/mnt yourself mount a USB stick etc in this

/sbin commands inside the admin

/usr (user software Resource) Users software resource directory, current user's program or file

. Current directory

.. Top level directory for current directory

cd– Switch between adjacent two directories

Pwd writes out the current absolute path directory

$ normal User

#超级用户

Sudo Apt-get Install aptitude

Sudo Apt-get Install VSFTPD

Sudo Apt-get Install Lftp

Sudo Apt-get Install Openssh-server

Sudo Apt-get Install Nfs-kernel-server

Sudo apt-get Install rar

Sudo Apt-get Install tree

Sudo Apt-get Install Vim

Use of Linux commands

1. View Catalog

Ls

Ls–a (All) to view all files in the current directory. Front with "." Description is a hidden file or directory

LS–L lists the details of an explicit file.

File type

-Normal file, D directory (must be 4096), L link symbol, B-block device, C-character device, s socket socket file, P-pipe

File Type |x,x,x (owner's permissions rwx, none-) |x,x,x (same group user rights) |x,x,x (Other people Rights) | Number of hard connections for X Files | Owner | Groups to belong to | Occupy Space | Modification Time | File name

Tree, you need to add the tree software, installed in the form of sudo apt-get install tree.

White-Plain file, blue-directory, green-executable, red-zip file, cyan-Link file (shortcut), yellow-device file, gray-other file.

Mkdir name to create a directory named name

Mkdir dir/dir1/dir2–p Note that you need to add a-p to create a nested directory

Rmdir Delete Empty Directory

Rm deletes directories and all of the following files and low-level directories

Specific usage rm aa–r Recursive delete directory, directly with RM AA will error

Rm Aa–ri will be consulted in turn to see if it needs to be deleted.

You do not need to add-r when deleting files,

Touch name, if the file does not exist, creates the file and, if the file exists, only modifies the file's creation time (last modified time)

Cp Copy file or directory

Cp hello.c Temp If the temp file exists, the original content is overwritten and the file is created automatically if it does not exist.

Cp mytest Newdir–r Recursive assignment, if the directory does not exist, it will create a newdir directory, and then put the other things in, if the directory already exists, it will create a subdirectory called MyTest in the directory

Q: What happens if the mytest is present in this directory?

Cat name View the contents of the name file, to view the contents of the small file, the file is too big may not show the full

More name view the contents of the file, display part, enter the next line, the space bar next page

Less name to page

The main use of the VI name to query the contents of the file.

Head–x name view Top x line contents

Tail name to see what's behind, default 10 rows

Mv oldname newname Change the name of the file

Mv filename dir Moves the file to the Dir directory

Ln–s filename NewName Creates a link file named NewName to the file. However, this link file cannot be used when it is not under this relative path

Ln–s ~/1DAY/HELLO.C Hello.soft This creates a linked file, you can continue to use it even if the hello,soft is moved elsewhere. The absolute path must be used when the path is written.

.. /go to the top level directory

Hard Links

Need to further query the similarities and differences between hard links and soft joins

Wc output the number of lines, words, and bytes of the file

Od

The./hello executes the binaries directly, the files in the current directory

Du-h viewing the size of low-level directories in the current directory

Which LS--"/bin/ls command parser looks for this command in this directory

Linux Basics Learning Essay